Sinoatrial arrest causes: Difference between revisions
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__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Sinoatrial arrest}} | {{Sinoatrial arrest}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{M.P}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
Sinus arrest is fairly uncommon. It can be observed in the setting of myocardial disease ([[myocarditis]]) and [[ischemia]] or [[infarction]] (particularly acute inferior or posterior [[ST segment elevation MI]]). It can be a manifestation of [[digitalis]] or [[lidocaine]] toxicity. | Sinus arrest is fairly uncommon. It can be observed in the setting of myocardial disease ([[myocarditis]]) and [[ischemia]] or [[infarction]] (particularly acute inferior or posterior [[ST segment elevation MI]]). It can be a manifestation of [[digitalis]] or [[lidocaine]] toxicity. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
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*[[Acute coronary syndrome]] | *[[Acute coronary syndrome]] | ||
*[[Acute renal failure]] | *[[Acute renal failure]] | ||
*[[Diabetic ketoacidosis]] | *[[Diabetic ketoacidosis]] | ||
*[[Lateral medullary syndrome]] | |||
*[[Myocardial rupture]] | *[[Myocardial rupture]] | ||
*[[NSTEMI]] | *[[NSTEMI]] | ||
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===Common Causes=== | ===Common Causes=== | ||
*[[Acetylcholine]] | |||
*[[Acute coronary syndrome]] | *[[Acute coronary syndrome]] | ||
*[[Amiodarone]] | |||
*[[Beta blockers]] | |||
*[[Calcium channel blockers]] | |||
*[[Digoxin]] | |||
*[[Dilated cardiomyopathy]] | *[[Dilated cardiomyopathy]] | ||
*[[Hyperkalemia]] | |||
*[[Hypermagnesemia]] | |||
*[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]] | *[[Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]] | ||
*[[Myocarditis]] | |||
*[[Pericarditis]] | |||
*[[Sick sinus syndrome]] | *[[Sick sinus syndrome]] | ||
*[[sinus node disease|Sinus node fibrosis]] | *[[sinus node disease|Sinus node fibrosis]] | ||
*[[STEMI]] | *[[STEMI]] | ||
===Causes by Organ System=== | ===Causes by Organ System=== | ||
{|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1" | {|style="width:80%; height:100px" border="1" | ||
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular''' | |style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular''' | ||
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Acute coronary syndrome]], [[acute rheumatic fever]], [[Andersen cardiodysrhythmic periodic paralysis | |style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Acute coronary syndrome]], [[acute rheumatic fever]], [[Andersen cardiodysrhythmic periodic paralysis]], [[Brugada syndrome]], [[cardiac tumor#heart in lymphomas|cardiac lymphoma]], [[cardiac tumor]], [[Carotid sinus hypersensitivity|cardio inhibitory syncope]], [[congenital heart disease]], [[congestive heart failure]], [[reperfusion injury|coronary reperfusion therapy]], [[dilated cardiomyopathy]], [[hypertensive heart disease]], [[hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]], [[ischemic heart disease]], [[Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome]], [[long QT syndrome]], [[myocardial infarction]], [[myocardial rupture]], [[myocarditis]], [[NSTEMI]], [[pericarditis]], [[Romano-Ward syndrome]], [[sick sinus syndrome]], [[sinus bradycardia]], [[sinus node disease|sinus node fibrosis]], [[STEMI]], [[tachycardia-bradycardia syndrome]], [[Timothy syndrome]], [[valvular heart disease]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Neurologic''' | | '''Neurologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carotid sinus hypersensitivity]], [[vagal reaction]] | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Carotid sinus hypersensitivity]], [[lateral medullary syndrome]], [[vagal reaction]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Opthalmologic''' | | '''Opthalmologic''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Sjogren's syndrome]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
| '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy''' | | '''Rheum / Immune / Allergy''' | ||
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute rheumatic fever]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[ | |bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute rheumatic fever]], [[sarcoidosis]], [[Sjogren's syndrome]], [[scleroderma]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | |-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | ||
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*[[Anthracyclines]] | *[[Anthracyclines]] | ||
*[[Antiarrhythmic drugs]] | *[[Antiarrhythmic drugs]] | ||
*[[Barbiturate]] | *[[Barbiturate]] | ||
*[[Berberine]] | *[[Berberine]] | ||
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*[[Fentanyl]] | *[[Fentanyl]] | ||
*[[Fontan procedure]] | *[[Fontan procedure]] | ||
*[[Granisetron]] | |||
{{col-break|width=33%}} | |||
*[[Grayanotoxin]] | *[[Grayanotoxin]] | ||
*[[Guanethidine]] | *[[Guanethidine]] | ||
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*[[Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome]] | *[[Jervell and Lange-Nielsen syndrome]] | ||
*[[Lacosamide]] | *[[Lacosamide]] | ||
*[[Lateral medullary syndrome]]<ref name="pmid23386489">{{cite journal| author=Koay S, Dewan B| title=An unexpected Holter monitor result: multiple sinus arrests in a patient with lateral medullary syndrome. | journal=BMJ Case Rep | year= 2013 | volume= 2013 | issue= | pages= | pmid=23386489 | doi=10.1136/bcr-2012-007783 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=23386489 }} </ref> | |||
*[[Lidocaine]] | *[[Lidocaine]] | ||
*[[Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy|Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B (LGMD1B)]] | *[[Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy|Limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 1B (LGMD1B)]] | ||
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==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
[[Category:Crowdiagnosis]] | |||
[[Category:Cardiology]] | |||
[[Category:Electrophysiology]] | |||
[[Category:Arrhythmia]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date]] | |||
[[Category:Up-To-Date cardiology]] | |||
[[Category:Disease]] | |||
{{WH}} | {{WH}} | ||
{{WS}} | {{WS}} | ||
Latest revision as of 14:38, 15 June 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mugilan Poongkunran M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
Sinus arrest is fairly uncommon. It can be observed in the setting of myocardial disease (myocarditis) and ischemia or infarction (particularly acute inferior or posterior ST segment elevation MI). It can be a manifestation of digitalis or lidocaine toxicity.
Causes
Life Threatening Causes
Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.
- Acute coronary syndrome
- Acute renal failure
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Lateral medullary syndrome
- Myocardial rupture
- NSTEMI
- Organophosphate poisoning
- Parathion poisoning
- Poisonous spider bites
- Septic shock
- Severe brain injury
- STEMI
Common Causes
- Acetylcholine
- Acute coronary syndrome
- Amiodarone
- Beta blockers
- Calcium channel blockers
- Digoxin
- Dilated cardiomyopathy
- Hyperkalemia
- Hypermagnesemia
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Myocarditis
- Pericarditis
- Sick sinus syndrome
- Sinus node fibrosis
- STEMI
Causes by Organ System
Causes in Alphabetical Order
References
- ↑ Bailey PL (1990). "Sinus arrest induced by trivial nasal stimulation during alfentanil-nitrous oxide anaesthesia". Br J Anaesth. 65 (5): 718–20. PMID 2248851.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Mills TA, Kawji MM, Cataldo VD, Pappas ND, O'Meallie LP, Breaux DM; et al. (2004). "Profound sinus bradycardia due to diltiazem, verapamil, and/or beta-adrenergic blocking drugs". J La State Med Soc. 156 (6): 327–31. PMID 15688675.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Lines D, Shipton EA (1991). "Severe bradycardia and sinus arrest after administration of vecuronium, fentanyl and halothane. A case report". S Afr Med J. 80 (4): 200–1. PMID 1678901.
- ↑ Bonvini RF, Hendiri T, Anwar A (2006). "Sinus arrest and moderate hyperkalemia". Annales De Cardiologie Et D'angéiologie. 55 (3): 161–3. PMID 16792034. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Koay S, Dewan B (2013). "An unexpected Holter monitor result: multiple sinus arrests in a patient with lateral medullary syndrome". BMJ Case Rep. 2013. doi:10.1136/bcr-2012-007783. PMID 23386489.