Liposarcoma overview: Difference between revisions
No edit summary |
No edit summary |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
__NOTOC__ | __NOTOC__ | ||
{{Liposarcoma}} | {{Liposarcoma}} | ||
{{CMG}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{AL}}; {{Ammu}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
== Differentiating Liposarcoma from other Diseases == | == Differentiating Liposarcoma from other Diseases == | ||
Liposarcoma must be differentiated from other diseases that cause a painless, growing [[mass]] such as spindle cell [[lipoma]], [[neurofibroma]], [[dermatofibrosarcoma]] protuberans, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. | |||
== Epidemiology and Demographics == | == Epidemiology and Demographics == | ||
| Line 24: | Line 25: | ||
== Natural History, Complications and Prognosis == | == Natural History, Complications and Prognosis == | ||
Liposarcoma may have different clinical presentations depending on the location of the [[mass]], being the lower [[extremities]] the most common area involved. [[Metastasis]] is the most important aspect to assess in the [[prognosis]] of the disease, but the mass may compress adjacent structures causing different clinical manifestations. The prognosis will depend on the [[histopathological]] subtype, being the well differentiated liposarcoma the subtype with the best [[prognosis]], and the pleomorphic liposarcoma with the worst [[prognosis]]. | |||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
=== Staging === | === Staging === | ||
The staging for liposarcoma is based on the TNM classification, depending on the primary tumor, [[lymph node]] involvement, [[metastasis]] and the [[histological]] grade of the tumor. | |||
=== History and Symptoms === | === History and Symptoms === | ||
Liposarcomas usually present as a growing [[mass]], not associated with [[pain]] and commonly located in the lower [[extremities]]. [[Retroperitoneal]] liposarcomas remain [[asymptomatic]] until they affect adjacent structures, causing [[pain]] or obstructive symptoms. | |||
=== Physical Examination === | === Physical Examination === | ||
The physical examination findings will depend on the location of the liposarcoma, being the most common location the lower extremities. The main finding is a painless, slow growing, firm [[mass]] in one of the lower [[extremities]]. [[Retroperitoneal]] liposarcomas would have a late presentation and the physical examination findings include abdominal tenderness, [[abdominal distention]] and [[weight loss]]. | |||
=== Laboratory Findings === | === Laboratory Findings === | ||
=== CT === | === CT === | ||
CT imaging is one of the most important tests for the diagnosis of liposarcoma. CT should assess the size, location and depth of the liposarcoma, as well as the [[lymph node]] involvement and distant [[metastasis]]. CT findings can be correlated with the [[histopathological]] subtype. | |||
=== MRI === | === MRI === | ||
MRI is the imaging test of choice for the diagnosis of liposarcoma and should assess size, location and depth of the mass. MRI findings help to differentiate between the different subtypes of liposarcoma and help to assess distant [[metastasis]]. | |||
=== Other Imaging Findings === | === Other Imaging Findings === | ||
Revision as of 21:03, 22 September 2014
|
Liposarcoma Microchapters |
|
Diagnosis |
|---|
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Liposarcoma overview On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Liposarcoma overview |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [2]; Ammu Susheela, M.D. [3]
Overview
Liposarcoma is a malignant tumor that arises in fat cells in deep soft tissue, such as that inside the thigh or in the retroperitoneum.
They are typically large bulky tumors which tend to have multiple smaller satellites extending beyond the main confines of the tumor.
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Liposarcoma from other Diseases
Liposarcoma must be differentiated from other diseases that cause a painless, growing mass such as spindle cell lipoma, neurofibroma, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Liposarcoma may have different clinical presentations depending on the location of the mass, being the lower extremities the most common area involved. Metastasis is the most important aspect to assess in the prognosis of the disease, but the mass may compress adjacent structures causing different clinical manifestations. The prognosis will depend on the histopathological subtype, being the well differentiated liposarcoma the subtype with the best prognosis, and the pleomorphic liposarcoma with the worst prognosis.
Diagnosis
Staging
The staging for liposarcoma is based on the TNM classification, depending on the primary tumor, lymph node involvement, metastasis and the histological grade of the tumor.
History and Symptoms
Liposarcomas usually present as a growing mass, not associated with pain and commonly located in the lower extremities. Retroperitoneal liposarcomas remain asymptomatic until they affect adjacent structures, causing pain or obstructive symptoms.
Physical Examination
The physical examination findings will depend on the location of the liposarcoma, being the most common location the lower extremities. The main finding is a painless, slow growing, firm mass in one of the lower extremities. Retroperitoneal liposarcomas would have a late presentation and the physical examination findings include abdominal tenderness, abdominal distention and weight loss.
Laboratory Findings
CT
CT imaging is one of the most important tests for the diagnosis of liposarcoma. CT should assess the size, location and depth of the liposarcoma, as well as the lymph node involvement and distant metastasis. CT findings can be correlated with the histopathological subtype.
MRI
MRI is the imaging test of choice for the diagnosis of liposarcoma and should assess size, location and depth of the mass. MRI findings help to differentiate between the different subtypes of liposarcoma and help to assess distant metastasis.
Other Imaging Findings
Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy
Future or Investigational Therapies
References