Avian influenza medical therapy: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
[[Neuraminidase]] inhibitors can reduce the duration of [[viral replication]] and improve survival among patients with [[avian influenza]]. In cases of suspected avian influenza, [[oseltamivir]], [[zanamivir]], or [[peramivir]] should be administered as soon possible, preferably within 48 hours of symptom onset. | |||
== Medical Therapy == | == Medical Therapy == | ||
*Preliminary evidence demonstrates that neuraminidase | *Preliminary evidence demonstrates that [[neuraminidase inhibitor]]<nowiki/>s can reduce the duration of [[viral replication]] and improve survival among patients with [[avian influenza]]. In cases of suspected avian influenza, one of the following 3 neuraminidase inhibitors should be administered as soon possible, preferably within 48 hours of symptom onset. | ||
{| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align="center" | {| style="border: 0px; font-size: 90%; margin: 3px;" align="center" | ||
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! style="background: #4479BA; width: 550px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Duration}} | ! style="background: #4479BA; width: 550px;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Duration}} | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" |'''Oseltamivir''' | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" |'''[[Oseltamivir]]''' | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |'''75 mg PO once daily'''<br> (Patients with severe disease may have diarrhea and may not absorb oseltamivir efficiently) | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |'''75 mg PO once daily'''<br> (Patients with severe disease may have diarrhea and may not absorb oseltamivir efficiently) | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |A minimum of 10 days | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |A minimum of 10 days | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" |'''Zanamivir''' | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" |'''[[Zanamivir]]''' | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |'''10 mg inhaled twice daily for 5 days''' <br> (Preferred if patients has diarrhea and malabsorption) | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |'''10 mg inhaled twice daily for 5 days''' <br> (Preferred if patients has diarrhea and malabsorption) | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |A minimum 5 days | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |A minimum 5 days | ||
|- | |- | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" |'''Peramivir''' | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC;" |'''[[Peramivir]]''' | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |'''600 mg IV as a single dose''' <br> (Preferred if patients has diarrhea and malabsorption) | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |'''600 mg IV as a single dose''' <br> (Preferred if patients has diarrhea and malabsorption) | ||
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |1 day | | style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |1 day | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
*The use of corticosteroids is not recommended. | *The use of [[corticosteroids]] is not recommended. | ||
*Physicians may consider increasing either the recommended daily dose and/or the duration of treatment in cases of severe disease. | *Physicians may consider increasing either the recommended daily dose and/or the duration of treatment in cases of severe disease. | ||
*The use of | *The use of [[amantadine]] is not recommended as most H5N1 and H7N9 avian influenza viruses are resistant to it. | ||
* Supportive care is also an important cornerstone of the care of patients with avian influenza. Considering the severity of the illness and the possible complications, patients may require fluid resuscitation, vasopressors, intubation and ventilation, paracentesis, hemodialysis or hemofiltration, and parentral nutrition. | |||
==References== | ==References== |
Revision as of 15:26, 23 April 2015
Avian influenza Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
Case Studies |
Avian influenza medical therapy On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Avian influenza medical therapy |
Risk calculators and risk factors for Avian influenza medical therapy |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Neuraminidase inhibitors can reduce the duration of viral replication and improve survival among patients with avian influenza. In cases of suspected avian influenza, oseltamivir, zanamivir, or peramivir should be administered as soon possible, preferably within 48 hours of symptom onset.
Medical Therapy
- Preliminary evidence demonstrates that neuraminidase inhibitors can reduce the duration of viral replication and improve survival among patients with avian influenza. In cases of suspected avian influenza, one of the following 3 neuraminidase inhibitors should be administered as soon possible, preferably within 48 hours of symptom onset.
Agent | Recommended Dose | Duration |
---|---|---|
Oseltamivir | 75 mg PO once daily (Patients with severe disease may have diarrhea and may not absorb oseltamivir efficiently) |
A minimum of 10 days |
Zanamivir | 10 mg inhaled twice daily for 5 days (Preferred if patients has diarrhea and malabsorption) |
A minimum 5 days |
Peramivir | 600 mg IV as a single dose (Preferred if patients has diarrhea and malabsorption) |
1 day |
- The use of corticosteroids is not recommended.
- Physicians may consider increasing either the recommended daily dose and/or the duration of treatment in cases of severe disease.
- The use of amantadine is not recommended as most H5N1 and H7N9 avian influenza viruses are resistant to it.
- Supportive care is also an important cornerstone of the care of patients with avian influenza. Considering the severity of the illness and the possible complications, patients may require fluid resuscitation, vasopressors, intubation and ventilation, paracentesis, hemodialysis or hemofiltration, and parentral nutrition.