Endocarditis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions
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*History of valvular heart disease | *History of valvular heart disease | ||
*Intravenous drug abuse | *Intravenous drug abuse | ||
*Presence of prosthetic heart valves | |||
*Presence of intracardiac devices | |||
*Immunosuppression | |||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== |
Revision as of 14:45, 5 October 2015
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-in-Chief: Maliha Shakil, M.D. [2] Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [3]
Overview
Common symptoms of endocarditis include fever, chills, anorexia, malaise, weight loss, and back pain.
History
A detailed and thorough history from the patient is necessary. Specific areas of focus when obtaining a history from the patient include:
- History of any congenital heart disease
- History of valvular heart disease
- Intravenous drug abuse
- Presence of prosthetic heart valves
- Presence of intracardiac devices
- Immunosuppression
Symptoms
Subacute bacterial endocarditis has an insidious onset while acute bacterial endocarditis is abrupt in onset.
Bacterial Endocarditis
Common symptoms of endocarditis include:[1][2][3]
- Rigors
- Fevers as high as 102.9° to 105.1° F (39.4° to 40.6° C), often remittent
- Chills
- Anorexia
- Malaise
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Back pain
- Flank pain due to renal embolization
- Stroke may be present in 10 - 15% of patients as a result of cerebral embolization
- Chest pain may be present as a result of embolization in the coronary artery. The infarcts are usually not transmural. Pulmonary emboli, often septic, occur in 75% of patients with tricuspid endocarditis.
- Abdominal pain may be present due to mesenteric embolization or ileus
- Blindness may be present due to retinal embolization in 3% of patients
Endocarditis Associated with Parenteral Drug Use
Common symptoms of endocarditis in intravenous drug abusers are:[4]
- High fever
- Chills
- Rigors
- Malaise
- Cough
- Pleuritic chest pain
- Sputum production, hemoptysis
- Stroke, TIA, seizures
Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis
References
- ↑ Infective endocarditis. Wikipedia (2015). URL=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infective_endocarditis#Pathogenesis Accessed on September 24, 2015
- ↑ Endocarditis. Wikipedia (2015). URL= https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endocarditis Accessed on September 24, 2015
- ↑ Dhawan VK (2002). "Infective endocarditis in elderly patients". Clin Infect Dis. 34 (6): 806–12. doi:10.1086/339045. PMID 11830803.
- ↑ Moss R, Munt B (2003). "Injection drug use and right sided endocarditis". Heart. 89 (5): 577–81. PMC 1767660. PMID 12695478.