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== Classification ==
== Classification ==
Uveitis can be described according to the following classifications:<ref name="pmid18379933">{{cite journal| author=Deschenes J, Murray PI, Rao NA, Nussenblatt RB, International Uveitis Study Group| title=International Uveitis Study Group (IUSG): clinical classification of uveitis. | journal=Ocul Immunol Inflamm | year= 2008 | volume= 16 | issue= 1 | pages= 1-2 | pmid=18379933 | doi=10.1080/09273940801899822 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18379933  }} </ref><ref name="pmid16196117">{{cite journal| author=Jabs DA, Nussenblatt RB, Rosenbaum JT, Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) Working Group| title=Standardization of uveitis nomenclature for reporting clinical data. Results of the First International Workshop. | journal=Am J Ophthalmol | year= 2005 | volume= 140 | issue= 3 | pages= 509-16 | pmid=16196117 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16196117  }} </ref>
*'''Classification by Anatomical Location'''
*'''Classification by Anatomical Location'''
** '''Anterior uveitis''' involves inflammation in the front part of the eye. It is the most common form of uveitis, making up 40-70% of all uveitis cases<ref>http://www.preventblindness.org/uveitis/what/types.html</ref>.  It is often called [[iritis]] because it is usually only effects the [[iris]].
** '''Anterior uveitis''': Iritis, cyclitis or iridocyclitis. Inflammation affecting, the [[iris]], the [[ciliary body]], or both.
** '''[[Intermediate uveitis]]''' (also known as '''cyclitis''', '''pars planitis''', or '''vitritis''') involves inflammation of the [[ciliary body]], the [[vitreous humor]], and the front end of the [[retina]].  This is the least common form of uveitis, constituting 7-15% of cases<ref>http://www.preventblindness.org/uveitis/what/types.html</ref>.
** '''[[Intermediate uveitis]]''': Viritis or  pars planitis. Inflammation of the the [[vitreous humor]] or the [[pars plana]].
** '''Posterior uveitis''' (also known as '''choroiditis''' if just the [[choroid]] is involved, or '''[[chorioretinitis]]''' if the retina is also involved) affects the back part of the [[uvea]] and involves primarily the [[choroid]], a layer of [[blood vessels]] and [[connective tissue]] in the middle part of the eye. It can also involve inflammation of the [[retina]] and [[optic nerve]].  It makes up 15-22% of all uveitis cases<ref>http://www.preventblindness.org/uveitis/what/types.html</ref>.
** '''Posterior uveitis''': [[Choroiditis]], [[retinitis]], or [[chorioretinitis]]. Inflammation of the choroid, the retina, or both.
** '''Panuveitis''' is the inflammation of the entire [[uvea]], and it effects all layers of the [[uvea]].
** '''Panuveitis''': Inflammation of the entire [[uvea]].  
* '''Classification by Duration of Symptoms'''
* '''Classification by Duration of Symptoms'''<ref name="pmid10688564">{{cite journal| author=McCluskey PJ, Towler HM, Lightman S| title=Management of chronic uveitis. | journal=BMJ | year= 2000 | volume= 320 | issue= 7234 | pages= 555-8 | pmid=10688564 | doi= | pmc=1117601 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10688564  }} </ref>
** '''Acute'''
** '''Acute''': Active uveitis for less than 3 months.
** '''Chronic'''
** '''Chronic''': Active uveitis for more than 3 months.
* '''Classification by type of inflammation'''
* '''Classification by type of inflammation'''<ref name="pmid17311570">{{cite journal| author=Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ| title=Acute anterior uveitis in primary care. | journal=Clin Exp Optom | year= 2007 | volume= 90 | issue= 2 | pages= 70-82 | pmid=17311570 | doi=10.1111/j.1444-0938.2006.00128.x | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17311570  }} </ref>
** '''Granulomatous'''
** '''Granulomatous''': showing granulomatous inflammation on slit lamp test
** '''Non-granulomatous'''
** '''Non-granulomatous''' showing no granulomatous inflammation on slit lamp test
* '''Classification by Laterality'''
* '''Classification by Laterality'''
** '''Unilateral'''
** '''Unilateral''': Single eye involvement
** '''Bilateral'''
** '''Bilateral''': Both eyes involvement
* '''Classification by Etiology'''
* '''Classification by Etiology'''<ref name="pmid18379933">{{cite journal| author=Deschenes J, Murray PI, Rao NA, Nussenblatt RB, International Uveitis Study Group| title=International Uveitis Study Group (IUSG): clinical classification of uveitis. | journal=Ocul Immunol Inflamm | year= 2008 | volume= 16 | issue= 1 | pages= 1-2 | pmid=18379933 | doi=10.1080/09273940801899822 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18379933  }} </ref><ref name="pmid16196117">{{cite journal| author=Jabs DA, Nussenblatt RB, Rosenbaum JT, Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) Working Group| title=Standardization of uveitis nomenclature for reporting clinical data. Results of the First International Workshop. | journal=Am J Ophthalmol | year= 2005 | volume= 140 | issue= 3 | pages= 509-16 | pmid=16196117 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=16196117  }} </ref>
** '''Idiopathic'''
** '''Idiopathic''': No known cause
** '''Infectious'''
** '''Infectious''': Bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic cause
** '''Autoimmune'''
** '''Autoimmune/Inflammatory''': Caused by a systemic non-infectious inflammatory condition commonly associated with uveitis
** '''Drug-Induced'''
** '''Drug-Induced''': Iatrogenic cause by medications that are associated with incidence of uveitis
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
 
[[Category:Ophthalmology]]
[[Category:Primary care]]
 
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==References==
==References==

Revision as of 19:35, 26 July 2016

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Uveitis is best described using various, concurrent classification systems. Uveitis may be classified according to anatomical location into 4 subtypes, depending on which part of the uvea is primarily affected: anterior, intermediate, posterior, and panuveitis. Based on the duration of symptoms it may be further sub-classified as acute or chronic. Upon further investigation, uveitis may be classified according to histological features of the inflammation such as granulomatous or non-granulomatous. Additionally, uveitis may be described by the laterality of the condition (unilateral or bilateral). Finally, uveitis may be classified by general underlying systemic causes such as infectious, autoimmune, drug-induced, or idiopathic.

Classification

Uveitis can be described according to the following classifications:[1][2]

  • Classification by Anatomical Location
  • Classification by Duration of Symptoms[3]
    • Acute: Active uveitis for less than 3 months.
    • Chronic: Active uveitis for more than 3 months.
  • Classification by type of inflammation[4]
    • Granulomatous: showing granulomatous inflammation on slit lamp test
    • Non-granulomatous showing no granulomatous inflammation on slit lamp test
  • Classification by Laterality
    • Unilateral: Single eye involvement
    • Bilateral: Both eyes involvement
  • Classification by Etiology[1][2]
    • Idiopathic: No known cause
    • Infectious: Bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic cause
    • Autoimmune/Inflammatory: Caused by a systemic non-infectious inflammatory condition commonly associated with uveitis
    • Drug-Induced: Iatrogenic cause by medications that are associated with incidence of uveitis

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Deschenes J, Murray PI, Rao NA, Nussenblatt RB, International Uveitis Study Group (2008). "International Uveitis Study Group (IUSG): clinical classification of uveitis". Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 16 (1): 1–2. doi:10.1080/09273940801899822. PMID 18379933.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Jabs DA, Nussenblatt RB, Rosenbaum JT, Standardization of Uveitis Nomenclature (SUN) Working Group (2005). "Standardization of uveitis nomenclature for reporting clinical data. Results of the First International Workshop". Am J Ophthalmol. 140 (3): 509–16. PMID 16196117.
  3. ↑ McCluskey PJ, Towler HM, Lightman S (2000). "Management of chronic uveitis". BMJ. 320 (7234): 555–8. PMC 1117601. PMID 10688564.
  4. ↑ Gutteridge IF, Hall AJ (2007). "Acute anterior uveitis in primary care". Clin Exp Optom. 90 (2): 70–82. doi:10.1111/j.1444-0938.2006.00128.x. PMID 17311570.

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