Diphyllobothriasis differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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==Differentiating diphyllobothriasis from other diseases==
==Differentiating diphyllobothriasis from other diseases==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! colspan="7"
|-
|-
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Nematode
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Threadworms
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Transmission
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Suggestive findings
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Direct Person-Person Transmission
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Diagnostic approach
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Duration of Infection
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Pulmonary Manifestation
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Location of Adult worm(s)
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Treatment
! style="background:#4479BA; color: #FFFFFF;" |Treatment
|-
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Ascaris lumbricoides]]
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Taenia solium and Taenia sagginata]]
|Ingestion of infective ova
|No
|1-2 years
|
|
* [[Löffler's syndrome]] (usually about 9-12 days after exposure to ova)
*Nausea
* [[Cough]]
*Vomiting
* Substernal discomfort
*Epigastric pain
* [[Crackles]]
* [[Wheezing]]
* Transient opacities
|Free in the lumen of the small bowel
(primarily jejunum)
|
|
* [[Albendazole]]
*Stool examination for the eggs and proglottids
 
*Brain CT scan or Biopsy (for cystesarcosis)
* [[Mebendazole]]
 
* [[Pyrantel pamoate]]
 
* [[Ivermectin]]
 
* [[Levamisole]]
 
* [[Piperazine]]
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Trichuris trichiura]]
(whipworm)
|Ingestion of infective [[ova]]
|No
|1-3 years
|
* No pulmonary migration, therefore, no pulmonary manifestation
|Anchored in the superficial mucosa of cecum and colon
|
|
* [[Albendazole]]
* [[Praziquantal]]
 
* [[Mebendazole]]
|-
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Hookworm]]
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Hymenolepis nana]]
([[Necator americanus]] and [[Ancylostoma duodenale]])
|Skin penetration by filariform larvae
|No
|
* 3-5 years (Necator)
* 1 year (Ancylostoma)
|
* [[Löffler's syndrome]]
* Transient opacities
|Attached to the mucosa of mid-upper portion of the [[small bowel]]
|
* [[Albendazole]]


* [[Mebendazole]]
* [[Levamisole]]
* [[Pyrantel pamoate]]
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Strongyloides stercoralis]]
|Filariform larvae penetrate skin or bowel mucosa
|Yes
|
|
* Lifetime of the host
*Nausea
*Vomiting
*Abdominal pain
*Dizziness
|
|
* [[Löffler's syndrome]]
*Stool examination for the eggs and proglottids
* Chronic [[cough]]
* [[Pneumonia]] or [[sepsis]] in hyperinfection
|Embedded in the mucosa of the [[duodenum]], [[jejunum]]
|
|
* [[Ivermectin]]
* [[Praziquantal]]
* [[Albendazole]]
* [[Thiabendazole]]
|-
|-
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Enterobius vermicularis]]  
| align="center" style="background:#DCDCDC;" |[[Shistosoma sp.]]  
([[pinworm]])
([[Schistosoma japonicum]] and [[Schistosoma mansoni]]) [[Schistosoma haematobium]])
|Ingestion of infective [[ova]]
|Yes
|
|
* 1-month
*Abdominal pain
*Cough
*Diarrhea
*Fever
*Fatigue
|
|
* Extraintestinal migration is very rare<ref name="pmid21879805">{{cite journal| author=Serpytis M, Seinin D| title=Fatal case of ectopic enterobiasis: Enterobius vermicularis in the kidneys. | journal=Scand J Urol Nephrol | year= 2012 | volume= 46 | issue= 1 | pages= 70-2 | pmid=21879805 | doi=10.3109/00365599.2011.609834 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=21879805  }} </ref>
*Stool examination for the eggs
|Free in the lumen of [[cecum]], [[appendix]], adjacent [[colon]]
*USG liver
|
|
* [[Albendazole]]
* [[Praziquantal]]
* [[Mebendazole]]
 
* [[Pyrantel pamoate]]
* [[Ivermectin]]
* [[Levamisole]]
* [[Piperazine]]
|}
|}


Revision as of 17:42, 28 June 2017

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Furqan M M. M.B.B.S[2]

Overview

Enterobiasis must be differentiated from threadworm infections like taeniasis, hymenolepiasis, and schistosomiasis.

Differentiating diphyllobothriasis from other diseases

Threadworms Suggestive findings Diagnostic approach Treatment
Taenia solium and Taenia sagginata
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Epigastric pain
  • Stool examination for the eggs and proglottids
  • Brain CT scan or Biopsy (for cystesarcosis)
Hymenolepis nana
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Abdominal pain
  • Dizziness
  • Stool examination for the eggs and proglottids
Shistosoma sp.

(Schistosoma japonicum and Schistosoma mansoni) Schistosoma haematobium)

  • Abdominal pain
  • Cough
  • Diarrhea
  • Fever
  • Fatigue
  • Stool examination for the eggs
  • USG liver

References

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