Rectal prolapse pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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===Pathogenesis=== | ===Pathogenesis=== | ||
The evolution of rectal prolapse starts from excessive straining over time that leads to the weakness of pelvic floor muscles and connective tissue injury (including nerve injury and neuropathy of the pelvic floor) thereby leading to rectal intussusception initially, followed by external mucosal prolapse, and eventually a full protrusion of all layers of the rectal wall through the anus. | The evolution of rectal prolapse starts from excessive straining over time that leads to the weakness of pelvic floor muscles and connective tissue injury (including nerve injury and neuropathy of the pelvic floor) thereby leading to rectal intussusception initially, followed by external mucosal prolapse, and eventually a full protrusion of all layers of the rectal wall through the anus.<ref name="pmid29050194">{{cite journal |vauthors=Patcharatrakul T, Rao SSC |title=Update on the Pathophysiology and Management of Anorectal Disorders |journal=Gut Liver |volume= |issue= |pages= |year=2017 |pmid=29050194 |doi=10.5009/gnl17172 |url=}}</ref> | ||
==Associated Conditions== | ==Associated Conditions== | ||
Revision as of 19:39, 31 January 2018
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shaghayegh Habibi, M.D.[2]
Overview
Pathophysiology
Pathogenesis
The evolution of rectal prolapse starts from excessive straining over time that leads to the weakness of pelvic floor muscles and connective tissue injury (including nerve injury and neuropathy of the pelvic floor) thereby leading to rectal intussusception initially, followed by external mucosal prolapse, and eventually a full protrusion of all layers of the rectal wall through the anus.[1]
Associated Conditions
Rectal prolapse is associated with several coexisting anatomic abnormalities:[2]
- Diastasis of the levator ani
- Abnormally deep cul-de-sac
- Redundant sigmoid colon
- Patulous anal sphincter
- Loss or attenuation of the rectal sacral attachments
References
- ↑ Patcharatrakul T, Rao S (2017). "Update on the Pathophysiology and Management of Anorectal Disorders". Gut Liver. doi:10.5009/gnl17172. PMID 29050194. Vancouver style error: initials (help)
- ↑ Bordeianou L, Paquette I, Johnson E, Holubar SD, Gaertner W, Feingold DL, Steele SR (2017). "Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Rectal Prolapse". Dis. Colon Rectum. 60 (11): 1121–1131. doi:10.1097/DCR.0000000000000889. PMID 28991074.