Allergic conjunctivitis overview: Difference between revisions
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==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | ==Natural History, Complications and Prognosis== | ||
Allergic conjunctivitis is usually a non-progressive condition with a favorable prognosis, and rare but serious complications.In most cases, allergic conjunctivitis is a benign condition. Complications although rare,can be serious. | |||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Revision as of 09:46, 30 August 2022
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Allergic conjunctivitis is inflammation of the conjunctiva (the membrane covering the white part of the eye) due to allergy. Symptoms consist of redness (mainly due to vasodilation of the peripheral small blood vessels), oedema of the conjunctiva, itching and increased lacrimation. If this is combined with rhinitis, the condition is termed allergic rhinoconjunctivitis.
Epidemiology and Demographics
Allergic conjunctivitis exhibits distinct epidemiological and demographic characteristics based on the populations studied and the presence of comorbid conditions.
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Allergic conjunctivitis is usually a non-progressive condition with a favorable prognosis, and rare but serious complications.In most cases, allergic conjunctivitis is a benign condition. Complications although rare,can be serious.
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms
The symptoms are due to release of histamine and other active substances by mast cells, which stimulate dilation of blood vessels, irritate nerve endings and increase secretion of tears.
Physical Examination
Signs in PKC include small yellow nodules that develop over the cornea, which ulcerate after a few days.[1]
Other Diagnostic Studies
Signs in PKC include small yellow nodules that develop over the cornea, which ulcerate after a few days.[1]
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Treatment of allergic conjunctivitis is by avoiding the allergen (e.g. avoiding grass in bloom during the "hay fever season") and treatment with antihistamines, either topical (in the form of eye drops), or systemic (in the form of tablets). Antihistamines, medication that stabilizes mast cells, and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are safe and usually effective.