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| {{Esthesioneuroblastoma}} | | {{Esthesioneuroblastoma}} |
| {{CMG}} | | {{CMG}} |
| ==Overview==
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| '''Esthesioneuroblastoma''' is a rare form of [[cancer]] involving [[nasal cavity]] and believed to arise from the olfactory epithelium.
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| It is often considered synonymous with "olfactory [[neuroblastoma]]",<ref name="titleMedcyclopaedia - Esthesioneuroblastoma">{{cite web |url=http://www.medcyclopaedia.com/library/topics/volume_vi_1/e/ESTHESIONEUROBLASTOMA.aspx |title=Medcyclopaedia - Esthesioneuroblastoma |accessdate=2008-03-22 |format= |work=}}</ref> but the tissue of origin is not yet well characterized.
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| ==Historical Perspective==
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| It was first characterized in 1924.<ref name="titleEsthesioneuroblastoma">{{cite web |url=http://www.bcm.edu/oto/grand/3394.html |title=Esthesioneuroblastoma |accessdate=2008-03-22 |work=}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref><ref>Berger L, Luc G, Richard D. L'esthésioneuroépithéliome olfactif. Bull Assoc Franç Étude Cancer 1924;13:410-421.</ref>The disease was brought into prominence by the case of [[Chantal Sébire]], who was suffering from the disease and ended her life after being denied euthanasia.<ref>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/7308746.stm Tumour woman's death not natural] BBC 21 March 2008</ref>
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| ==Pathophysiology==
| | {{SK}} olfactory [[neuroblastoma]] |
| ===Associated Conditions===
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| * Associated with [[Trisomy 8]].
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| ==Epidemiology and Demographics== | | ==[[Esthesioneuroblastoma overview|Overview]]== |
| * According to the [[BBC]], only 200 cases of the disease have been recorded worldwide in the past two decades.<ref name="titleBBC NEWS | Europe | Tumour womans death not natural">{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/7308746.stm |title=Tumour woman's death not natural |accessdate=2008-03-22 |format= |work=BBC News | date=2008-03-21}}</ref>
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| * A 1997 literature search identified 1,457 cases in the published literature since its discovery in 1924, however 487 were cited in more than one paper, bringing the total of reported cases to 945.<ref name="pmid9252701">{{cite journal |author=Broich G, Pagliari A, Ottaviani F |title=Esthesioneuroblastoma: a general review of the cases published since the discovery of the tumour in 1924 |journal=Anticancer Res. |volume=17 |issue=4A |pages=2683–706 |year=1997 |pmid=9252701 |doi=}}</ref>
| | ==[[Esthesioneuroblastoma historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]== |
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| | ==[[Esthesioneuroblastoma classification|Classification]]== |
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| | ==[[Esthesioneuroblastoma pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]== |
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| | ==[[Esthesioneuroblastoma causes|Causes]]== |
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| | ==[[Esthesioneuroblastoma differential diagnosis|Differentiating Esthesioneuroblastoma from other Diseases]]== |
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| | ==[[Esthesioneuroblastoma epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]== |
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| | ==[[Esthesioneuroblastoma risk factors|Risk Factors]]== |
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| | ==[[Esthesioneuroblastoma natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]== |
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| ==Diagnosis== | | ==Diagnosis== |
| ===History and Symptoms===
| | [[Esthesioneuroblastoma history and symptoms| History and Symptoms]] | [[Esthesioneuroblastoma physical examination | Physical Examination]] | [[Esthesioneuroblastoma laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Esthesioneuroblastoma CT|CT]] | [[Esthesioneuroblastoma MRI|MRI]] | [[Esthesioneuroblastoma ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Esthesioneuroblastoma other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Esthesioneuroblastoma other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]] |
| * It can cause [[loss of vision]], [[sight]] and [[taste]].<ref name="pmid17607373">{{cite journal |author=Sharma S, Sharma MC, Johnson MH, Lou M, Thakar A, Sarkar C |title=Esthesioneuroblastoma - a clinicopathologic study and role of DNA topoisomerase alpha |journal=Pathol. Oncol. Res. |volume=13 |issue=2 |pages=123–9 |year=2007 |pmid=17607373 |doi=10.1007/BF02893487 |url=http://195.228.254.34/por/2007/13/2/0123/0123a.pdf |format={{dead link|date=April 2009}} – <sup>[http://scholar.google.co.uk/scholar?hl=en&lr=&q=intitle%3AEsthesioneuroblastoma+-+a+clinicopathologic+study+and+role+of+DNA+topoisomerase+alpha&as_publication=Pathol.+Oncol.+Res.&as_ylo=2007&as_yhi=2007&btnG=Search Scholar search]</sup>}}</ref><ref>http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/articles/2008/03/18/1205602424048.html</ref>
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| ==Treatment== | | ==Treatment== |
| Several surgical approaches have been described,<ref name="pmid17571044">{{cite journal |author=Vergani F, Pirola E, Fiori L, Pagni F, Parmigiani F, Sganzerla EP |title=Combined transcranial and endoscopic nasal resection for esthesioneuroblastoma. Technical note |journal=J Neurosurg Sci |volume=51 |issue=2 |pages=99–102 |year=2007 |pmid=17571044 |doi=}}</ref><ref name="pmid11487789">{{cite journal |author=Unger F, Walch C, Stammberger H, Papaefthymiou G, Haselsberger K, Pendl G |title=Olfactory neuroblastoma (esthesioneuroblastoma): report of six cases treated by a novel combination of endoscopic surgery and radiosurgery |journal=Minim Invasive Neurosurg |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=79–84 |year=2001 |pmid=11487789 |doi=10.1055/s-2001-16000 |url=http://www.thieme-connect.com/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-2001-16000}}</ref><ref name="pmid12090952">{{cite journal |author=Cakmak O, Ergin NT, Yilmazer C, Kayaselçuk F, Barutcu O |title=Endoscopic removal of esthesioneuroblastoma |journal=Int. J. Pediatr. Otorhinolaryngol. |volume=64 |issue=3 |pages=233–8 |year=2002 |pmid=12090952 |doi= 10.1016/S0165-5876(02)00036-8|url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0165587602000368}}</ref><ref name="pmid17912077">{{cite journal |author=Prasad KC, Kumar A, Prasad SC, Jain D |title=Endoscopic-assisted excision of esthesioneuroblastoma |journal=J Craniofac Surg |volume=18 |issue=5 |pages=1034–8 |year=2007 |pmid=17912077 |doi=10.1097/scs.0b013e318157264c |url=http://meta.wkhealth.com/pt/pt-core/template-journal/lwwgateway/media/landingpage.htm?an=00001665-200709000-00008}}</ref> but post-excision recurrence rates have remained relatively high.
| | [[Esthesioneuroblastoma medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Esthesioneuroblastoma surgery|Surgery]] | [[Esthesioneuroblastoma primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Esthesioneuroblastoma cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Esthesioneuroblastoma future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]] |
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| | ==Case Studies== |
| | [[Esthesioneuroblastoma case study one|Case#1]] |
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| ==References== | | ==References== |