Hypertensive nephropathy pathophysiology

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

The kidneys may be damaged by or cause hypertension. Evidence from studies on renal transplant recipients and familial studies suggests a genetic component in occurrence of hypertensive nephropathy and nephrosclerosis.

Pathophysiology

• Two pathophysiological mechanisms have been postulated for development of nephrosclerosis and chronic kidney disease in patients with hypertension.
• One mechanism suggests that glomerular ischemia results from afferent arteriolar constriction, with a consequent reduction in glomerular filtration rate.