Aplastic anemia causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.D. [2]

Overview

The cause of the damage can be acquired or inherited. Acquired aplastic anemia is more common, and sometimes it's only temporary. Inherited aplastic anemia is rare. More than half of the cases of aplastic anemia are idiopathic. Chemicals, drugs, viral infections, collagen vascular diseases, and thymoma can be implicated as the causative factor in the other cases. Some research suggests that stem cell damage may occur because the body's immune system attacks its own cells by mistake.

Causes

Acquired Causes

Many diseases, conditions, and factors can cause aplastic anemia, including:

• Toxins, such as pesticides, arsenic, and benzene.
• Radiation and chemotherapy
• Medicines, such as Albendazole, Cefadroxil, Chlorpromazine, chloramphenicol (an antibiotic rarely used in the United States, Carbamazepine, Hydroxychloroquine, Methimazole, Orphenadrine, Oxcarbazepine, Phenytoin, Quinine, Phenylbutazone, Sulindac, Sulfadiazine, Sulfasalazine, Valganciclovir hydrochloride.
• Infectious diseases, such as hepatitis, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, parvovirus B19, and HIV.
• Collagen vascular disease
• Thymoma
• Autoimmune disorders, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.
• Pregnancy (aplastic anemia that occurs during pregnancy often goes away after delivery.)
• Metastaic involvement of bone marrow

Inherited Causes

Certain inherited conditions can damage the stem cells and lead to aplastic anemia. Examples include:

• Fanconi anemia
• Shwachman-Diamond syndrome
• Dyskeratosis congenita
• Diamond-Blackfan anemia.

Drug Side Effect

• Cefadroxil
• Ceftazidime
• Cefaclor
• Cefaclor
• Certolizumab pegol
• Chlorpropamide
• Dactinomycin
• Dapsone
• Flurbiprofen
• Flucytosine
• Isoniazid
• Lincomycin Hydrochloride
• Meprobamate
• Oxaprozin
• Penicillamine
• Probenecid
• Tolbutamide
• Sulfasalazine
• Sulfacetamide