Avian influenza classification: Difference between revisions
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{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{YD}} | {{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{YD}} | ||
==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
To date, only influenza type A has been associated with avian influenza. Neither [[influenza B]] nor [[influenza C]] is associated with avian influenza. Classification of avian influenza may be based on either the [[pathogenicity]] of the virus (low pathogenicity vs. high pathogenicity) or the viral genetic subtypes (H5 vs. H7 vs. H9). | |||
==Classification== | ==Classification== | ||
Classification of avian influenza may be based on either the pathogenicity of the virus or the viral genetic subtypes. To date, only influenza type A has been associated with avian influenza. | Classification of avian influenza may be based on either the pathogenicity of the virus or the viral genetic subtypes. To date, only influenza type A has been associated with avian influenza. | ||
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Avian influenza may be classified based on the pathogenicity of the virus: | Avian influenza may be classified based on the pathogenicity of the virus: | ||
*Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) | *Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) | ||
::Mild/no clinical | ::Mild/no [[Avian influenza history and symptoms|clinical manifestation]]s among humans | ||
::May convert to highly pathogenic avian influenza | ::May convert to highly pathogenic avian influenza | ||
*Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) | *Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) | ||
::Moderate/severe clinical | ::Moderate/severe [[Avian influenza history and symptoms|clinical manifestation]]s among humans | ||
::Viral subtypes H5 and H7 are associated with HPAI | ::Viral subtypes H5 and H7 are associated with HPAI | ||
===Viral Genetic Subtypes=== | ===Viral Genetic Subtypes=== | ||
*To date, only influenza type A has been associated with avian influenza. Neither influenza B nor influenza C is associated with avian influenza. | *To date, only influenza type A has been associated with avian influenza. Neither influenza B nor influenza C is associated with avian influenza. | ||
*Although avian influenza has many subtypes of haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), only 3 subtypes have been associated with human infections. | *Although avian influenza has many subtypes of [[haemagglutinin]] (HA) and [[neuraminidase]] (NA), only 3 subtypes have been associated with human infections. | ||
*The table below lists the subtypes of influenza A that have been associated with avian influenza in humans: | *The table below lists the subtypes of influenza A that have been associated with avian influenza in humans: | ||
Revision as of 17:44, 23 April 2015
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Avian influenza Microchapters |
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Avian influenza classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Avian influenza classification |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Avian influenza classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, M.D.
Overview
To date, only influenza type A has been associated with avian influenza. Neither influenza B nor influenza C is associated with avian influenza. Classification of avian influenza may be based on either the pathogenicity of the virus (low pathogenicity vs. high pathogenicity) or the viral genetic subtypes (H5 vs. H7 vs. H9).
Classification
Classification of avian influenza may be based on either the pathogenicity of the virus or the viral genetic subtypes. To date, only influenza type A has been associated with avian influenza.
Pathogenecity of the Virus
Avian influenza may be classified based on the pathogenicity of the virus:
- Low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI)
- Mild/no clinical manifestations among humans
- May convert to highly pathogenic avian influenza
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI)
- Moderate/severe clinical manifestations among humans
- Viral subtypes H5 and H7 are associated with HPAI
Viral Genetic Subtypes
- To date, only influenza type A has been associated with avian influenza. Neither influenza B nor influenza C is associated with avian influenza.
- Although avian influenza has many subtypes of haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), only 3 subtypes have been associated with human infections.
- The table below lists the subtypes of influenza A that have been associated with avian influenza in humans:
| Influenza Subtype | Number of Subtypes | Pathogenicity | Clinical Manifestations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Influenza A H5 | At least 9 | May be either HPAI or LPAI | May cause either mild or severe/fatal clinical manifestations |
| Influenza A H7 | At least 9 | May be either HPAI or LPAI | May cause either mild or severe/fatal clinical manifestations |
| Influenza A H9 | At least 9 | Only reported as LPAI | Mild clinical manifestations in humans |