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===Causes of Conjunctivitis===
{{MultiCol}}
*[[Acanthamoeba]]
*[[Acetaldehyde ]]
*[[Acetic acid ]]
*[[Acetic anhydride ]]
*[[Acetylcarbromal]]
*[[Adenovirus]]
*[[Aesculus pollen ]]
*[[Alder ]]
*[[Allergic conjunctivitis]]
*[[Alternaria ]]
*[[American feverfew]]
*[[Ammonia ]]
*[[Angelucci's syndrome ]]
*[[Anisole ]]
*[[Artemether and lumefantrin]]
*[[Arsenic]]
*[[Arsenic trioxide]]
*[[Ash juniper tree ]]
*[[Ash tree ]]
*[[Aspergillus]]
*[[Aureobasidium]]
*[[Bacterial conjunctivitis]]
*[[Beech tree ]]
*[[Bermuda grass ]]
*[[Beryllium ]]
*[[Birch tree ]]
*[[Blepharitis]]
*[[Box elder tree ]]
*[[Calcium Sulfate ]]
*[[Canary grass ]]
*[[Candida albicans ]]
*[[Capeweed ]]
*[[Caterpillar poisoning ]]
*[[Cetuximab]]
*[[Chlorine Dioxide ]]
*[[Chloroacetophenone]]
*[[Cicatricial pemphigoid]]
*[[Cladosporium ]]
*[[Clomethiazole]]
*[[Cobra poisoning ]]
*[[Cocklebur ]]
*[[Common Variable Immunodeficiency ]]
*[[Congenital chlamydia - maternal  chlamydia causing conjunctivitis in newborns]]
*[[Congenital gonorrhea - maternal  gonorrhea causing conjunctivitis in newborns]]
*[[Contact lens]]
*[[Coxsackie virus]]
*[[Crouzon Syndrome ]]
*[[Cypress tree ]]
*[[Cytarabine]]
*[[Cytosine arabinose syndrome ]]
*[[Dacryocystitis ]]
*[[Daisy ]]
*[[Dandelion]]
*[[Desmopressin]]
*[[Dexamethasone]]
*[[Diethylene glycol monobutyl ether ]]
*[[Dimethylamine ]]
*[[Dipivefrin]]
*[[Doxorubicin Hydrochloride]]
*[[Dust mite ]]
*[[Dyskeratosis congenita ]]
*[[Ectropion ]]
*[[Elm tree ]]
*[[Enterovirus 70]]
*[[Entropion]]
*[[Epicoccum ]]
*[[Epirubicin hydrochloride]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Erythema multiformae]]
*[[Ether ]]
*[[Ethylene Oxide ]]
*[[Etretinate]]
*[[Euphorbiaceae ]]
*[[European Ash tree ]]
*[[Facial nerve palsy]]
*[[Familial cold urticaria]]
*[[Familial hibernian fever ]]
*[[Flurbiprofen]]
*[[Fluticasone]] (spray)
*[[Follicular conjunctivitis]]
*[[Furfural ]]
*[[Fusarium ]]
*[[Giant papillary conjunctivitis]]
*[[Gonorrhea ]]
*[[Goosefoot ]]
*[[Green Lynx spider poisoning ]]
*[[Guayule ]]
*[[Haemophilus influenzae]]
*[[Hay fever ]]
*[[Helminth infections ]]
*[[Helminthosporium ]]
*[[Hemp ]]
*[[Herpes simplex]]
*[[Herpes virus 2]]
*[[Hickory tree ]]
*[[Hornbeam tree ]]
*[[Horse chestnut tree ]]
*[[Hydroquinone ]]
*[[Hypersensitivity to pollen ]]
*[[Job syndrome ]]
*[[Johnson grass ]]
*[[Kawasaki disease ]]
*[[Kentucky bluegrass ]]
*[[Koch-Weeks conjunctivitis]]
*[[Lacrimal canaliculitis]]
*[[Lepidopterism ]]
*[[Leprosy]]
*[[Leptospirosis ]]
*[[Lewisite ]]
*[[Listeria monocytogenes]]
*[[Lyme disease ]]
*[[Maple tree ]]
*[[Marshelder ]]
*[[Mayapple poisoning ]]
*[[Measles ]]
*[[Medrysone]]
*[[Melarsoprol]]
*[[Metaldehyde ]]
*[[Methylene Diisocyanate ]]
*[[Mold allergy ]]
*[[Monteroy pine tree ]]
*[[Morpholine ]]
*[[Mountain cedar tree ]]
*[[Mucor ]]
*[[Mugwort tree ]]
*[[Neisseria meningiditis]]
*[[Nitisinone]]
*[[Non-Specific Urethritis ]]
*[[Oak tree ]]
*[[Olea tree ]]
*[[Olive tree ]]
*[[Omsk hemorrhagic fever ]]
*[[Onchocerciasis]]
{{ColBreak}}
*[[Ophthalmia neonatorum]]
*[[Orache (Atriplex) ]]
*[[Orchard grass ]]
*[[Osmium ]]
*[[Pasteurella multocida ]]
*[[Pecan trees ]]
*[[Pemetrexed]]
*[[Penicillium ]]
*[[Pfiesteria piscicida ]]
*[[Phlyctenular keratoconjunctivitis]]
*[[Phosgene oxime]]
*[[Pigweed ]]
*[[Plane tree ]]
*[[Polychondritis ]]
*[[Poplar tree]]
*[[Propylene glycol dinitrate ]]
*[[Pyridoxine deficiency]]
*[[Quinone ]]
*[[Ragweed ]]
*[[Rapeseed oil ]]
*[[Rasagiline]]
*[[Redtop grass ]]
*[[Reiter's syndrome ]]
*[[Rhizopus ]]
*[[Rosacea]]
*[[Ryegrass ]]
*[[Sabia virus ]]
*[[Severe combined immunodeficiency]]
*[[Sjogren's syndrome ]]
*[[Smut ]]
*[[Staphylococcus aureus]]
*[[Stevens johnsons syndrome ]]
*[[Sulfuric Acid ]]
*[[Sulfuryl Fluoride ]]
*[[Sunflower ]]
*[[Sweet Syndrome ]]
*[[Sweet vernal grass ]]
*[[Theodore's superior limbic  keratoconjunctivitis]]
*[[Tilia tree  ]]
*[[Timothy grass ]]
*[[Toluene Diisocyanate ]]
*[[Toxic-shock syndrome ]]
*[[Trachoma]]
*[[Tumble weed  ]]
*[[Tyrosinaemia]]
*[[Vanadium]]
*[[Velvet grass ]]
*[[Vernal conjunctivitis]]
*[[Viral conjunctivitis]]
*[[Wall pellitory ]]
*[[Walnut tree ]]
*[[Wegener's granulomatosis ]]
*[[White cedar tree ]]
*[[Willow tree]]
*[[Xeroderma pigmentosum]]
*[[X-linked agammaglobulinaemia ]]
*[[Xylene ]]
{{EndMultiCol}}


===Sinusitis===
===Sinusitis===

Revision as of 07:49, 1 December 2015


Causes of Conjunctivitis


Sinusitis

Sinusitis can occur from one of these conditions:


Mediastinitis

Acute

Chronic

Chronic medistinitis is usually a radiologic diagnosis manifested by diffuse fibrosis of the soft tissues of the mediastinum. This is sometimes the consequence of prior granulomatous disease, most commonly histoplasmosis. Other identifiable causes include tuberculosis and radiation therapy. Fibrosing mediastinitis most frequently causes problems by constricting blood vessels or airways in the mediastinum. This may result in such complications as superior vena cava syndrome or pulmonary edema from compression of pulmonary veins.



Ventricular Tachycardia

Common causes of ventricular tachycardia include ischemic heart disease, illicit drugs (cocaine and methamphetamine), structural heart disease (including congenital heart diseases such as tetralogy of Fallot), inherited channelopathies, drug toxicity (digoxin, drugs that prolong the QT interval) and electrolyte disturbances (such as hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypocalcemia).




Table 1. Common Bacterial Pathogens in Neutropenic Patients
Gram-Positive Pathogens
  • Coagulase-negative staphylococci
  • Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains
  • Enterococcus species, including vancomycin-resistant strains
  • Viridans group streptococci
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae
  • Streptococcus pyogenes
Gram-Negative Pathogens
  • Escherichia coli
  • Klebsiella species
  • Enterobacter species
  • Pseudomonas aeruginosa
  • Citrobacter species
  • Acinetobacter species
  • Stenotrophomonas maltophilia


Bloodstream infections caused by endogenous flora and reactivation of latent infections account for a majority of initial febrile episode in neutropenic patients with cancer. Common bacterial isolates that cause bacteremia in the setting of neutropenia are listed in Table 1.[1] Certain endogenous microorganisms may be reactivated and exit latency during immunosuppression. These include herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B and C viruses, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Exogenous pathogens carried by contaminated blood products, medical equipment and devices, water sources, and health care workers represent less common sources of infection. These include Clostridium difficile, respiratory syncytial virus, vancomycin-resistant enterococci, and other multidrug resistant bacteria.[2]

Fungal infections often take place in the setting of prolonged or profound neutropenia after administration of empirical therapy. Candidiasis may range in severity from mucosal or cutaneous infection to septicemia, endocarditis, or disseminated infection. Aspergillus, on the contrary, typically causes life-threatening infection of the sinuses and lungs, particularly after protracted neutropenia.[3]


Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Acetaminophen and Oxycodone, Aclarubicin, Albendazole, Alemtuzumab, Alkylating antineoplastic agent, Alkylators, Arsenicals, Auranofin, Azathioprine, Aztreonam, Boceprevir, Busulphan, carbamazepine, Carboplatin, Cefadroxil, Ceftazidime, Certolizumab pegol, Chlorpromazine, Chloramphenicol, Chlorpropamide, Cidofovir, Clomipramine, Colchicine toxicity, Cytotoxic drugs and radiation, Dactinomycin, Doxorubicin, Ethosuximide, Febuxostat, Flucytosine, Gold, Gemifloxacin mesylate, Idarubicin, indomethacin , Interferon beta- 1a, Lincomycin Hydrochloride Minocycline hydrochloride, Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, Ofatumumab, Omacetaxine, Oxaprozin, Oxcarbazepine, Penicillamine, phenacemide , Phenylbutazone, Piperacillin, Pralatrexate, propylthiouracil , Pyrimethamine, Rabeprazole, Radium chloride, sulfonamides, Tamoxifen, Tolbutamide, Tolazamide, Trifluoperazine, Trimethadione, Thiothixene, Valganciclovir hydrochloride
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Thyroid carcinoma
Environmental Tobacco use, Environmental/occupational (eg, benzene)
Gastroenterologic Portal hypertension, Intestinal lymphangiectasia, Hepatitis
Genetic Ataxia telangiectasia, Barth syndrome, Chediak-Higashi disease, defect in synthesis of adenosylcobalamin, DNA repair deficiencies, Down syndrome, Dubowitz syndrome, familial monosomy 7, Fanconi anaemia, genotoxic therapy, glutathione synthase deficiency, glycogen storage diseases, mutagen exposure, mutagen-detoxification (GSTq1-null), neurofibromatosis 1, Niemann-Pick disease, Nijmege breakage syndrome, Noonan syndrome, organic acid metabolism defect, Pearson syndrome, Seckel syndrome, Severe combined immunodeficiency, T- B+ due to JAK3 deficiency, trisomy 8 mosaicism, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Hematologic Sickle cell disease, Reticular dysgenesis, Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria, Non-Hodgkin lymphoma, Myelpathic anemia,

Myeloma, Myelofibrosis, Myelodysplastic syndrome, Megaloblastic anaemia, Malignant histiocytosis, Leucoerythroblastic anaemia,

Large granular lymphocytic leukemia, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, Ineffective erythropoiesis, Hypoplastic myelodysplastic syndromes ,

Hypersplenism, Hodgkin lymphoma, Histiocytosis X, Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma, Hemoglobin H disease, Hematopoietic cell transplantation, Hairy cell leukaemia, Haemoglobin SC disease, Haemoglobin E disease, Graft versus host disease, Familial myelofibrosis, Familial histiocytic reticulosis, Eosinophilic fasciitis , Cyclical neutropenia, Congenital neutropenia (Kostmann's or Shwachman-Diamond syndrome), Common variable hypogammaglobulinaemia, Chronic myeloid leukaemia, Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, Bleeding (Excessive), Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 2, Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome type 1, Aplastic anemia, Amegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia, Aggressive NK-cell leukemia, Acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Q fever, Parvovirus B19 infection, Oklahoma tick fever, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Legionella pneumophila, Lassa fever, Human immunodeficiency virus , Epstein-Barr virus Seronegative, Dengue, Brucellosis
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic No underlying causes
Neurologic No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic Vitamin C deficiency, Vitamin B12 deficiency, Marasmus, Malabsorption syndrome, Kwashiorkor, Iron deficiency,

Intrinsic factor deficiency, Folate deficiency, Copper deficiency

Obstetric/Gynecologic Pregnancy
Oncologic Thymoma , Prostate cancer, Metastatic neoplasm, Melanoma, Germ cell tumors (embryonal dysgenesis), Ewing sarcoma, Chondrosarcoma, Cancer treatment
Ophthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric Anorexia nervosa
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte Renal failure, chronic
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy Systemic lupus erythematosus, Rheumatoid disease, Osteopetrosis autosomal recessive 2, Osteopetrosis lethal

Osteoclastoma, Ankylosing spondylitis

Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Topoisomerase II interactive agents, Plummer-Vinson syndrome, Obesity, Idiopathic , Glue vapors, Dyskeratosis congenita Shwachman-Diamond syndrome, Diamond-Blackfan anemia, Castleman disease, Bloom's syndrome

Causes in Alphabetical Order










Causes of Hypotension

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated.

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Common Causes

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Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Aortic aneurysm rupture, aortic arch syndrome, aortic isthmus stenosis, aortic regurgitation, aortic stenosis, aortocaval compression syndrome, atrial myxoma, atrioventricular node conduction block, B type natriuretic peptide, baroceptor dysfunction in the elderly, capillary leak syndrome, cardiac tamponade, cardiogenic shock, carotid sinus hypersensitivity, carotid sinus syndrome, coarctation of aorta, complete heart block, constrictive pericarditis, cor triatriatum, dehydration, dissecting aortic aneurysm, distributive shock, Eisenmenger's syndrome, embolism, endotoxic shock, gray baby syndrome, heart arrhythmia, heart block, heart failure, heart injury, hemorrhagic shock, hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, hypovolemic shock, idiopathic hypotension, iliac artery aneurysm rupture, internal bleeding, ischaemic heart disease, myocardial infarction, myocardial ischemia, obstructive shock, orthostatic hypotension, pericardial effusion, pericarditis, perimyocarditis, post-tussive syncope, postural hypotension, pulmonary embolism, shock, sick sinus syndrome, supraventricular tachycardia , syncope, tetralogy of Fallot, traumatic shock, tricuspid stenosis, vasovagal syncope, ventricular fibrillation, WPW syndrome
Chemical / poisoning Acetaldehyde, adiponitrile , copper, cyanides, demeton-S-methyl, diazinon , dioxathion, disulfoton , ethion , fensulfothion, fenthion, honey bee bite, indian tobacco, malathion, methidathion, methiocarb, methomyl, mushroom poisoning , parathion, phosdrin, poison hemlock, profenofos, scorpion bite, sodium nitrite, terbufos, tetraethyl pyrophosphate , tetrodotoxin, tobacco , wasp bite
Dermatologic Gray baby syndrome, mastocytosis
Drug Side Effect Acetophenazine, alcuronium, alfuzosin, aliskiren, alseroxylon, ambenonium, ambrisentan, amifostine, aminoglutethimide, amitriptyline, amlodipine, amoxapine, amphotericin B, amrinone, amyl nitrate, antipsychotic agents, apomorphine, azilsartan medoxomil, B type natriuretic peptide, baclofen, beta blockers, bethanechol, bethanidine, bortezomib, bosentan, bretylium, bromocriptine, bupivacaine, cabergoline, calcium channel blockers, candesartan, captopril, chloroquine, chlorpheniramine, chlorpromazine, chlorthalidone, cilazapril, cinacalcet, cinnarizine, clevidipine, clomipramine, clonidine, colchicine, cyclobenzaprine, deserpidine, desferrioxamine, desipramine, dexmedetomidine, diazoxide, dichlorvos , dicobalt edetate, dicrotophos , diltiazem, diphenhydramine, dipyridamole, disopyramide, distigmine, diuretics, donepezil , dothiepin, doxazosin, doxepin, enalapril, epidural anaesthesia, eplerenone, epoprostenol, etoposide, felodipine , fenoldopam, fentanyl, fosinopril, general anaesthesia, glyceryl trinitrate, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, gray baby syndrome, guanadrel, guanethidine, guanfacine, haloperidol, hexamethonium, hydralazine, hydroxyzine, imipramine, indapamide, indoramin, interleukin 2, iodine containing radiocontrast media, irbesartan, isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, isoxsuprine, isradipine, ketanserin, labetalol, l-dopa, levomepromazine, levosimendan, lidocaine , lisinopril, lithium, lofexidine, losartan, mecamylamine, methyldopa, metirosine, metolazone, minoxidil, morphine, moxonidine, nefazodone, neostigmine, niacin, nicorandil, nifedipine, nimodipine, nitroprusside, nortriptyline, olanzapine, olmesartan, omapatrilat, opioid poisoning, paliperidone, pentamidine, perazine, pergolide, phenothiazines, phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine, pimobendan, pinacidil, pipothiazine, piribedil, pramipexole, prazosin, protamine sulfate, protriptyline, quetiapine, ramipril, rasagiline, reboxetine, reserpine, rilmenidine, risperidone, rituximab, ropinirole, rotigotine, sassafras oil, serotonin syndrome, sildenafil, silodosin, sodium nitroprusside, spironolactone, streptokinase, sulphonamides, tacrine, tadalafil, tamsulosin, terazosin, tetrabenazine, tizanidine, tolazoline, tramadol, treprostinil, trifluperidol, trimethaphan, trimipramine, tubocurarine, urapidil, valerian, valsartan, vardenafil, verapamil, ziconotide, zotepine
Ear Nose Throat No underlying causes
Endocrine Achalasia-addisonianism-alacrima syndrome, ACTH deficiency, Addison's disease, addisonian crisis, adrenal hemorrhage, adrenogenital syndrome, adrenoleukodystrophy , Allgrove syndrome, APECED syndrome , B type natriuretic peptide, carcinoid syndrome , congenital adrenal hyperplasia, diabetes insipidus, diabetic autonomic neuropathy, diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperosmolar hyperglycemic nonketotic coma, hypoaldosteronism, hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism, hypothyroidism, Myxedema, myxedema coma, panhypopituitarism, pituitary insufficiency, pseudohypoaldosteronism, Renon-Delille syndrome, serotonin syndrome, triple-A syndrome
Environmental Snake bite, zero gravity
Gastroenterologic Achalasia-addisonianism-alacrima syndrome, acute liver failure , acute pancreatitis, acute viral gastroenteritis, Allgrove syndrome, bowel strangulation, deglutition syncope, diarrhea, duodenal ulcer bleeding, gastric ulcer bleeding, gastric volvulus, hepatic vein thrombosis, hepatitis, intususception, mastocytosis , necrotizing enterocolitis, paralytic ileus, peritonitis , postprandial hypotension, retroperitoneal haemorrhage, small bowel obstruction, splenic rupture, superior mesenteric artery occlusion, triple A syndrome, tropical sprue , variceal bleeding, vomiting
Genetic Achalasia-addisonianism-alacrima syndrome, acute intermittent porphyria, Allgrove syndrome, APECED syndrome, Bartter syndrome, corticosteroid-binding globulin deficiency , familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy type 2, hereditary peripheral nervous disorder, hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 3, pseudohypoaldosteronism, Renon-Delille syndrome, Riley-Day syndrome, triple A syndrome, Wohlwill-Andrade syndrome
Hematologic Acute intermittent porphyria, anemia
Iatrogenic After a major surgery, blood transfusion , dialyzer hypersensitivity syndrome, epidural anesthesia, gastric acid stimulation test using histamines, general anesthesia, mechanical ventilation, post-operative, renal dialysis, transfusion reaction
Infectious Disease Acute viral gastroenteritis, botulism, cholera, dengue hemorrhagic fever, hantavirus, lassa fever, rocky mountain spotted fever , septic shock, septicemia , toxic shock syndrome, vibrio vulnificus, Waterhouse-Friederichsen syndrome, Weil syndrome
Musculoskeletal / Ortho Cervical spine injury, fracture of bone, vertebral fracture
Neurologic Autonomic failure, autonomic neuropathy, Binswanger's disease , Bradbury-Eggleston syndrome, diabetic autonomic neuropathy, DOPA decarboxylase deficiency, dopamine beta hydroxylase deficiency, dysautonomia, glossopharyngeal neuralgia, Guillain-Barre syndrome, hemorrhagic shock and encephalopathy syndrome, hereditary peripheral nervous disorder, hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 3, multiple system atrophy, neurogenic shock, Parkinson's disease, polyradiculitis, Riley-Day syndrome, seizures, Shy-Drager syndrome, syringomyelia, tabes dorsalis, vasovagal syncope, Wohlwill-Andrade syndrome
Nutritional / Metabolic Dehydration,excessive dieting,kwashiorkor
Obstetric/Gynecologic Aortocaval compression syndrome, ectopic pregnancy rupture, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, postpartum haemorrhage, pregnancy, puerpural shock, septic abortion , uterine rupture
Oncologic Atrial myxoma, carcinoid syndrome , mastocytosis , pheochromocytoma, serotonin-secreting tumor
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity Acetophenazine, alcuronium, alfuzosin, aliskiren, alseroxylon, ambenonium, ambrisentan, amifostine, aminoglutethimide, amitriptyline, amlodipine, amoxapine, amphotericin B, amrinone, antipsychotic agents, apomorphine, azilsartan medoxomil, baclofen, beta blockers, bethanechol, bethanidine, bortezomib, bosentan, bretylium, bromocriptine, bupivacaine, cabergoline, calcium channel blockers, candesartan, captopril, chloroquine, chlorpheniramine, chlorpromazine, chlorthalidone, cilazapril, cinnarizine, clevidipine, clomipramine, clonidine, colchicine, cyclobenzaprine, deserpidine, desferrioxamine, desipramine, dexmedetomidine, diazoxide, dichlorvos , dicobalt edetate, dicrotophos , diltiazem, diphenhydramine, dipyridamole, disopyramide, distigmine, diuretics, donepezil , dothiepin, doxazosin, doxepin, enalapril, epidural anaesthesia, eplerenone, epoprostenol, etoposide, felodipine , fenoldopam, fentanyl, fosinopril, general anaesthesia, glyceryl trinitrate, granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, guanadrel, guanethidine, guanfacine, haloperidol, hexamethonium, hydralazine, hydroxyzine, imipramine, indapamide, indoramin, interleukin 2, irbesartan, isosorbide dinitrate, isosorbide mononitrate, isoxsuprine, isradipine, ketanserin, labetalol, l-dopa, levomepromazine, levosimendan, lidocaine , lisinopril, lithium, lofexidine, losartan, magnesium overdose, mecamylamine, methyldopa, metirosine, metolazone, minoxidil, morphine, moxonidine, nefazodone, neostigmine, niacin, nicorandil, nifedipine, nimodipine, nitroprusside, nortriptyline, olanzapine, , olmesartan, omapatrilat, opioid poisoning, paliperidone, pentamidine, perazine, pergolide, phenothiazines, phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine, pimobendan, pinacidil, pipothiazine, piribedil, pramipexole, prazosin, protamine sulfate, protriptyline, quetiapine, ramipril, rasagiline, reboxetine, reserpine, rilmenidine, risperidone, rituximab, ropinirole, rotigotine, sassafras oil, sildenafil, silodosin, sodium nitroprusside, spironolactone, streptokinase, sulphonamides, tacrine, tadalafil, tamsulosin, terazosin, tetrabenazine, tizanidine, tolazoline, tramadol, treprostinil, trifluperidol, trimethaphan, trimipramine, tubocurarine, urapidil, valerian, valsartan, vardenafil, verapamil, ziconotide, zotepine
Psychiatric Anorexia nervosa, depression
Pulmonary Post-tussive syncope, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, tension pneumothorax
Renal / Electrolyte Bartter syndrome, dehydration, familial juvenile hyperuricemic nephropathy type 2, hypermagnesaemia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Amyloidosis, anaphylactic shock, anaphylactoid reaction, blood transfusion , dialyzer hypersensitivity syndrome, food additive allergy, Guillain-Barre syndrome, honey bee bite, mastocytosis, scorpion bite, transfusion reaction, urticaria, wasp bite, Wohlwill-Andrade syndrome, x-ray studies using contrast media
Sexual Renon-Delille syndrome
Trauma Blood vessel trauma, burns, cervical spine injury, chemical burn, fracture of bone, heart injury, pericardial effusion, shaken baby syndrome, tension pneumothorax, traumatic shock
Urologic No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Alcohol, alcohol withdrawal syndrome, decompression sickness, deglutition syncope, dehydration, fatigue, heat exhaustion, hypothermia, insufficient fluid intake, low salt diet, micturition syncope, prolonged bed rest, snake bite, syncope, volume depletion , zero gravity

Sandbox Ochuko developed by WikiDoc.org

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Sandbox Ochuko developed by WikiDoc.org


 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 




Primary treatment option
Atropine
❑ Administer a first dose 0.5 mg IV bolus
❑ Repeat every 3-5 minutes
❑ Administer a maximum dose of 3 mg
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Secondary treatment options
If atropine ineffective:
❑ Administer dopamine infusion (2-10 mcg/kg/min)
OR
❑ Administer epinephrine infusion (2-10 mcg/min)
OR
❑ Proceed with transcutaneous pacing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
❑ Consult a cardiologist
❑ Consider transvenous pacing
 
 
 
 
 
 






References

  1. ↑ Pagano, L. (2012-05). "A prospective survey of febrile events in hematological malignancies". Annals of Hematology. 91 (5): 767–774. doi:10.1007/s00277-011-1373-2. ISSN 1432-0584. PMID 22124621. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ↑ MD, John E. Niederhuber (2013-11-05). Abeloff's Clinical Oncology: Expert Consult Premium Edition - Enhanced Online Features and Print, 5e (5 edition ed.). Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: Saunders. ISBN 9781455728657. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help)
  3. ↑ Freifeld, Alison G. (2011-02-15). "Clinical practice guideline for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer: 2010 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America". Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 52 (4): 427–431. doi:10.1093/cid/ciq147. ISSN 1537-6591. PMID 21205990. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help)

Overview

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Diagnosis

Focused Initial Rapid Evaluation

Complete Evaluation

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A01
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
B01
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
C01
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
D01
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
D02
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
E01
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
E02
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
F01
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 


Treatment

Do's

Don'ts

References

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