Prostatitis causes: Difference between revisions
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*Higher [[prostate]] tissue pressure | *Higher [[prostate]] tissue pressure |
Revision as of 15:20, 8 February 2017
Prostatitis Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
Treatment |
Case Studies |
Prostatitis causes On the Web |
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Prostatitis causes |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maliha Shakil, M.D. [2] Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.
Overview
Prostatitis is usually caused by bacterial infection. Aerobic gram-negative bacilli are the most common cause of bacterial prostatitis, with Escherichia coli accounting for 50-80% of cases.[1] The cause of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome is unknown.[2][1][1][2]
Causes
Common Causes
- Escherichia coli
- Enterobacteriaceae (Klebsiella, Proteus)
- Enterococci
- Pseudomonas species
- Chlamydia trachomatis
- Ureaplasma urealyticum
- Mycoplasma genitalium
- Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Causes of Acute Bacterial Prostatitis
The causes of acute prostatitis include [3][4][5]
- Escherichia coli
- Proteus
- Other members of Enterobacteriaceae
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Gram positive organisms[6][7]
Causes of Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis
The causes associated with Chronic bacterial prostatitis include [8][9][10][11][12]
- Escherichia coli (up to 80% cases)[13]
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- Enterococcus faecalis
- Proteus mirabilis
- Occasional causes
Causes of Chronic inflammatory and non-inflammatory Prostatitis
Many experts consider both these categories to be noninfectious. Some organisms associated with these types of prostatitis include:[14][15][16][17]
The non infectious causes of Chronic Prostatitis include[18][19][20]
Causes by Organ System
Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
Chemical/Poisoning | Chemical irritation |
Dental | No underlying causes |
Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
Drug Side Effect | No underlying causes |
Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
Endocrine | No underlying causes |
Environmental | No underlying causes |
Gastroenterologic | No underlying causes |
Genetic | No underlying causes |
Hematologic | No underlying causes |
Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
Infectious Disease | Burkholderia pseudomallei, Chlamydia trachomatis, Coccidioides, Cryptococcus neoformans, Enterobacteriaceae , Enterococci, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Gonorrhoea, Idiopathic granulomatous prostatitis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mumps , Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Staphylococcus aureus, Ureaplasma urealyticum |
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
Neurologic | Urinary tract neuropathy |
Nutritional/Metabolic | No underlying causes |
Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
Oncologic | No underlying causes |
Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
Overdose/Toxicity | No underlying causes |
Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
Renal/Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | Reiter’s syndrome |
Sexual | No underlying causes |
Trauma | Prostate physical trauma |
Urologic | Pelvic floor weakness, Prostate physical trauma, Urinary tract neuropathy, Urine backup |
Miscellaneous | No underlying causes |
Causes in Alphabetical Order
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Lipsky BA, Byren I, Hoey CT (2010). "Treatment of bacterial prostatitis". Clin Infect Dis. 50 (12): 1641–52. doi:10.1086/652861. PMID 20459324.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Prostatitis: Inflammation of the Prostate. NIDDK 2016. http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/urologic-disease/prostatitis-disorders-of-the-prostate/Pages/facts.aspx#sec3. Accessed on February 25, 2016
- ↑ Felix Millan-Rodriguez, J. Palou, Anna Bujons-Tur, Mireia Musquera-Felip, Carlota Sevilla-Cecilia, Marc Serrallach-Orejas, Carlos Baez-Angles & Humberto Villavicencio-Mavrich (2006). "Acute bacterial prostatitis: two different sub-categories according to a previous manipulation of the lower urinary tract". World journal of urology. 24 (1): 45–50. doi:10.1007/s00345-005-0040-4. PMID 16437219. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Manuel Etienne, Pascal Chavanet, Louis Sibert, Frederic Michel, Herve Levesque, Bernard Lorcerie, Jean Doucet, Pierre Pfitzenmeyer & Francois Caron (2008). "Acute bacterial prostatitis: heterogeneity in diagnostic criteria and management. Retrospective multicentric analysis of 371 patients diagnosed with acute prostatitis". BMC infectious diseases. 8: 12. doi:10.1186/1471-2334-8-12. PMID 18234108. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Manuel Etienne, Martine Pestel-Caron, Claire Chapuzet, Ingrid Bourgeois, Pascal Chavanet & Francois Caron (2010). "Should blood cultures be performed for patients with acute prostatitis?". Journal of clinical microbiology. 48 (5): 1935–1938. doi:10.1128/JCM.00425-10. PMID 20237098. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Felix Millan-Rodriguez, J. Palou, Anna Bujons-Tur, Mireia Musquera-Felip, Carlota Sevilla-Cecilia, Marc Serrallach-Orejas, Carlos Baez-Angles & Humberto Villavicencio-Mavrich (2006). "Acute bacterial prostatitis: two different sub-categories according to a previous manipulation of the lower urinary tract". World journal of urology. 24 (1): 45–50. doi:10.1007/s00345-005-0040-4. PMID 16437219. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Benjamin A. Lipsky, Ivor Byren & Christopher T. Hoey (2010). "Treatment of bacterial prostatitis". Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 50 (12): 1641–1652. doi:10.1086/652861. PMID 20459324. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ K. G. Naber, W. Busch & J. Focht (2000). "Ciprofloxacin in the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis: a prospective, non-comparative multicentre clinical trial with long-term follow-up. The German Prostatitis Study Group". International journal of antimicrobial agents. 14 (2): 143–149. PMID 10720805. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Benjamin A. Lipsky, Ivor Byren & Christopher T. Hoey (2010). "Treatment of bacterial prostatitis". Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 50 (12): 1641–1652. doi:10.1086/652861. PMID 20459324. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Paul B. Cornia, Traci A. Takahashi & Benjamin A. Lipsky (2006). "The microbiology of bacteriuria in men: a 5-year study at a Veterans' Affairs hospital". Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease. 56 (1): 25–30. doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2006.03.008. PMID 16713165. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ A. W. Bruce & G. Reid (1989). "Prostatitis associated with Chlamydia trachomatis in 6 patients". The Journal of urology. 142 (4): 1006–1007. PMID 2677408. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Ai-Ying Chuang, Mei-Hua Tsou, Shu-Jen Chang, Lien-Yen Yang, Chiang-Ching Shih, Mung-Pei Tsai, Yu-Lin Chen, Ting-Mei Liu, Chun-Hsing Liao & Po-Ren Hsueh (2012). "Mycobacterium abscessus granulomatous prostatitis". The American journal of surgical pathology. 36 (3): 418–422. doi:10.1097/PAS.0b013e31823dafad. PMID 22261705. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Anthony J. Schaeffer (2006). "Clinical practice. Chronic prostatitis and the chronic pelvic pain syndrome". The New England journal of medicine. 355 (16): 1690–1698. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp060423. PMID 17050893. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Anthony J. Schaeffer (2003). "Editorial: Emerging concepts in the management of prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome". The Journal of urology. 169 (2): 597–598. doi:10.1097/01.ju.0000046225.33320.a3. PMID 12544315. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ J. N. Krieger & K. J. Egan (1991). "Comprehensive evaluation and treatment of 75 men referred to chronic prostatitis clinic". Urology. 38 (1): 11–19. PMID 1866851. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ M. Ohkawa, K. Yamaguchi, S. Tokunaga, T. Nakashima & S. Fujita (1993). "Ureaplasma urealyticum in the urogenital tract of patients with chronic prostatitis or related symptomatology". British journal of urology. 72 (6): 918–921. PMID 8306156. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ R. E. Berger, J. N. Krieger, D. Kessler, R. C. Ireton, C. Close, K. K. Holmes & P. L. Roberts (1989). "Case-control study of men with suspected chronic idiopathic prostatitis". The Journal of urology. 141 (2): 328–331. PMID 2913355. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Michel A. Pontari & Michael R. Ruggieri (2004). "Mechanisms in prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome". The Journal of urology. 172 (3): 839–845. doi:10.1097/01.ju.0000136002.76898.04. PMID 15310980. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ Aare Mehik, Markku J. Leskinen & Pekka Hellstrom (2003). "Mechanisms of pain in chronic pelvic pain syndrome: influence of prostatic inflammation". World journal of urology. 21 (2): 90–94. doi:10.1007/s00345-003-0334-3. PMID 12700922. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help) - ↑ A. Mehik, P. Hellstrom, A. Sarpola, O. Lukkarinen & M. R. Jarvelin (2001). "Fears, sexual disturbances and personality features in men with prostatitis: a population-based cross-sectional study in Finland". BJU international. 88 (1): 35–38. PMID 11446842. Unknown parameter
|month=
ignored (help)