Hiatus hernia natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Overvie== | ==Overvie== | ||
The symptoms of a hiatus hernia usually develop in the first decade of life in children and start with symptoms such as vomiting, heartburn, regurgitation, and dysphagia. If left untreated, patients with a hiatus hernia may progress to develop strangulation, esophageal adenocarcinoma, and gastric volvulus. Prognosis is generally excellent and recovery after surgery in a large hernia is approximately 90%. The disease is well controlled with medical therapy but not cured. | The symptoms of a hiatus hernia usually develop in the first decade of life in children and start with symptoms such as [[vomiting]], [[heartburn]], [[regurgitation]], and [[dysphagia]]. If left untreated, patients with a hiatus hernia may progress to develop strangulation, esophageal adenocarcinoma, and [[gastric volvulus]]. Prognosis is generally excellent and recovery after surgery in a large hernia is approximately 90%. The disease is well controlled with medical therapy but not cured. | ||
==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | ==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis== | ||
===Natural History=== | ===Natural History=== | ||
*The symptoms of a hiatus hernia usually develop in the first decade of life in children and start with symptoms such as vomiting, heartburn, regurgitation, and dysphagia | *The symptoms of a hiatus hernia usually develop in the first decade of life in children and start with symptoms such as [[vomiting]], [[heartburn]], [[regurgitation]], and [[dysphagia]]. | ||
*If left untreated, patients with a hiatus hernia may progress to develop strangulation, esophageal adenocarcinoma<ref name="pmid12942560" />, and gastric volvulus. | *If left untreated, patients with a hiatus hernia may progress to develop [[strangulation]], esophageal [[adenocarcinoma]]<ref name="pmid12942560" />, and [[gastric volvulus]]. | ||
===Complications=== | ===Complications=== | ||
*Common complications of hiatus hernia include: | *Common complications of hiatus hernia include: | ||
**Anemia from bleeding from erosions caused by reflux esophagitis<ref name="NeumannPoulton1999">{{cite journal|last1=Neumann|first1=L.|last2=Poulton|first2=B.|last3=Ridley|first3=S.|title=Life-threatening complications of hiatus hernia|journal=Anaesthesia|volume=54|issue=1|year=1999|pages=93–94|issn=0003-2409|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2044.1999.0759o.x}}</ref> | **[[Anemia]] from bleeding from erosions caused by [[reflux esophagitis]]<ref name="NeumannPoulton1999">{{cite journal|last1=Neumann|first1=L.|last2=Poulton|first2=B.|last3=Ridley|first3=S.|title=Life-threatening complications of hiatus hernia|journal=Anaesthesia|volume=54|issue=1|year=1999|pages=93–94|issn=0003-2409|doi=10.1046/j.1365-2044.1999.0759o.x}}</ref> | ||
**Esophageal adenocarcinoma<ref name="pmid12942560">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wu AH, Tseng CC, Bernstein L |title=Hiatal hernia, reflux symptoms, body size, and risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma |journal=Cancer |volume=98 |issue=5 |pages=940–8 |year=2003 |pmid=12942560 |doi=10.1002/cncr.11568 |url=}}</ref> | **Esophageal [[adenocarcinoma]]<ref name="pmid12942560">{{cite journal |vauthors=Wu AH, Tseng CC, Bernstein L |title=Hiatal hernia, reflux symptoms, body size, and risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma |journal=Cancer |volume=98 |issue=5 |pages=940–8 |year=2003 |pmid=12942560 |doi=10.1002/cncr.11568 |url=}}</ref> | ||
**Gastric volvulus and perforation in paraesopahgeal type<ref name="pmid22875520">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hennessey D, Convie L, Barry M, Aremu M |title=Paraoesophageal hernia: an overview |journal=Br J Hosp Med (Lond) |volume=73 |issue=8 |pages=437–40 |year=2012 |pmid=22875520 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | **[[Gastric volvulus]] and perforation in paraesopahgeal type<ref name="pmid22875520">{{cite journal |vauthors=Hennessey D, Convie L, Barry M, Aremu M |title=Paraoesophageal hernia: an overview |journal=Br J Hosp Med (Lond) |volume=73 |issue=8 |pages=437–40 |year=2012 |pmid=22875520 |doi= |url=}}</ref> | ||
**Strangulation in paraesophageal hernia | **[[Strangulation]] in paraesophageal hernia | ||
===Prognosis=== | ===Prognosis=== | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2]
Overvie
The symptoms of a hiatus hernia usually develop in the first decade of life in children and start with symptoms such as vomiting, heartburn, regurgitation, and dysphagia. If left untreated, patients with a hiatus hernia may progress to develop strangulation, esophageal adenocarcinoma, and gastric volvulus. Prognosis is generally excellent and recovery after surgery in a large hernia is approximately 90%. The disease is well controlled with medical therapy but not cured.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural History
- The symptoms of a hiatus hernia usually develop in the first decade of life in children and start with symptoms such as vomiting, heartburn, regurgitation, and dysphagia.
- If left untreated, patients with a hiatus hernia may progress to develop strangulation, esophageal adenocarcinoma[1], and gastric volvulus.
Complications
- Common complications of hiatus hernia include:
- Anemia from bleeding from erosions caused by reflux esophagitis[2]
- Esophageal adenocarcinoma[1]
- Gastric volvulus and perforation in paraesopahgeal type[3]
- Strangulation in paraesophageal hernia
Prognosis
- Prognosis is generally excellent and recovery after surgery in a large hernia is approximately 90%.[4]
- The disease is well controlled with medical therapy but not cured.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wu AH, Tseng CC, Bernstein L (2003). "Hiatal hernia, reflux symptoms, body size, and risk of esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma". Cancer. 98 (5): 940–8. doi:10.1002/cncr.11568. PMID 12942560.
- ↑ Neumann, L.; Poulton, B.; Ridley, S. (1999). "Life-threatening complications of hiatus hernia". Anaesthesia. 54 (1): 93–94. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2044.1999.0759o.x. ISSN 0003-2409.
- ↑ Hennessey D, Convie L, Barry M, Aremu M (2012). "Paraoesophageal hernia: an overview". Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 73 (8): 437–40. PMID 22875520.
- ↑ https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/73551/Hiatal-hernia/Prognosis