Fat embolism syndrome primary prevention: Difference between revisions
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=== Pre-operative preventive measures: === | === Pre-operative preventive measures: === | ||
*Preoperative intravenous injection of dexamethasone | *Preoperative intravenous injection of dexamethasone | ||
*Continuous pulse oximetry to detect hypoxemia at early stages. | *Continuous pulse oximetry to detect hypoxemia at early stages.<ref name="pmid14960980">{{cite journal| author=Wong MW, Tsui HF, Yung SH, Chan KM, Cheng JC| title=Continuous pulse oximeter monitoring for inapparent hypoxemia after long bone fractures. | journal=J Trauma | year= 2004 | volume= 56 | issue= 2 | pages= 356-62 | pmid=14960980 | doi=10.1097/01.TA.0000064450.02273.9B | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=14960980 }} </ref><ref name="pmid11778316">{{cite journal| author=Schmidt J, Sulk C, Weigand C, La Rosée K, Schneider T| title=[Preventing fat embolism syndrome (FES) in implantation of cemented hip endoprosthesis shafts with a trans-prosthetic drainage system (TDS)]. | journal=Biomed Tech (Berl) | year= 2001 | volume= 46 | issue= 11 | pages= 320-4 | pmid=11778316 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11778316 }} </ref> | ||
*Early fixation of long-bone [[fracture]] | *Early fixation of long-bone [[fracture]] | ||
*External fixation or fixation with plate and screw decreases the possibility of fat embolism than than nailing the medullary cavity and venting the medullary canal during nailing. | *External fixation or fixation with plate and screw decreases the possibility of fat embolism than than nailing the medullary cavity and venting the medullary canal during nailing. | ||
*If nails are needed, smaller-diameter nails and unreamed nailing may be better. | *If nails are needed, smaller-diameter nails and unreamed nailing may be better.<ref name="pmid9795426">{{cite journal| author=Pitto RP, Kössler M, Draenert K| title=[Prevention of fat and bone marrow embolism in cemented total hip endoprosthesis with vacuum cement technique]. | journal=Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb | year= 1998 | volume= 136 | issue= 4 | pages= Oa24 | pmid=9795426 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9795426 }} </ref> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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Overview
Primary Prevention
Effective measurement for the primary prevention of fat embolism are as follows:[1]
Pre-operative preventive measures:
- Preoperative intravenous injection of dexamethasone
- Continuous pulse oximetry to detect hypoxemia at early stages.[2][3]
- Early fixation of long-bone fracture
- External fixation or fixation with plate and screw decreases the possibility of fat embolism than than nailing the medullary cavity and venting the medullary canal during nailing.
- If nails are needed, smaller-diameter nails and unreamed nailing may be better.[4]
References
- ↑ Jiang J, Wang H, Wang Y (2010). "[Clinical study on effect of dexamethasone in preventing fat embolism syndrome after cemented hip arthroplasty]". Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi. 24 (8): 913–6. PMID 20839434.
- ↑ Wong MW, Tsui HF, Yung SH, Chan KM, Cheng JC (2004). "Continuous pulse oximeter monitoring for inapparent hypoxemia after long bone fractures". J Trauma. 56 (2): 356–62. doi:10.1097/01.TA.0000064450.02273.9B. PMID 14960980.
- ↑ Schmidt J, Sulk C, Weigand C, La Rosée K, Schneider T (2001). "[Preventing fat embolism syndrome (FES) in implantation of cemented hip endoprosthesis shafts with a trans-prosthetic drainage system (TDS)]". Biomed Tech (Berl). 46 (11): 320–4. PMID 11778316.
- ↑ Pitto RP, Kössler M, Draenert K (1998). "[Prevention of fat and bone marrow embolism in cemented total hip endoprosthesis with vacuum cement technique]". Z Orthop Ihre Grenzgeb. 136 (4): Oa24. PMID 9795426.