Aplastic anemia causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.D. [2]

Overview

The cause of the damage can be acquired or inherited. Acquired aplastic anemia is more common, and sometimes it's only temporary. Inherited aplastic anemia is rare. More than half of the cases of aplastic anemia are idiopathic. Chemicals, drugs, viral infections, collagen vascular diseases, and thymoma can be implicated as the causative factor in the other cases. Some research suggests that stem cell damage may occur because the body's immune system attacks its own cells by mistake.

Causes

Acquired Causes

Many diseases, conditions, and factors can cause aplastic anemia, including:

• Toxins, such as pesticides, arsenic, and benzene.
• Radiation and chemotherapy
• Medicines, such as Albendazole, Cefadroxil, Chlorpromazine, chloramphenicol (an antibiotic rarely used in the United States, Carbamazepine, Hydroxychloroquine, Methimazole, Orphenadrine, Oxcarbazepine, Phenytoin, Quinine, Phenylbutazone, Sulindac, Sulfadiazine, Sulfasalazine, Valganciclovir hydrochloride.
• Infectious diseases, such as hepatitis, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, parvovirus B19, and HIV.
• Collagen vascular disease
• Thymoma
• Autoimmune disorders, such as lupus and rheumatoid arthritis.
• Pregnancy (aplastic anemia that occurs during pregnancy often goes away after delivery.)
• Metastaic involvement of bone marrow

Inherited Causes

Certain inherited conditions can damage the stem cells and lead to aplastic anemia. Examples include:

• Fanconi anemia
• Shwachman-Diamond syndrome
• Dyskeratosis congenita
• Diamond-Blackfan anemia.

Drugs Associated

• Ceftazidime
• Cefaclor
• Cefaclor
• Certolizumab pegol
• Chlorpropamide
• Chloramphenicol sodium succinate
• Dactinomycin
• Dapsone
• Eltrombopag
• Felbamate
• Flurbiprofen
• Flucytosine
• interferon alfacon-1
• Isoniazid
• Lincomycin Hydrochloride
• Meprobamate
• Nilutamide
• Oxaprozin
• Penicillamine
• Probenecid
• Tolbutamide
• Tolazamide
• Sodium aurothiomalate
• Sodium phenylbutyrate
• Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim (oral)
• Sulfasalazine
• Sulfacetamide

Other Causes

• Exposure to toxins
• Radiation or chemotherapy
• Have certain infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, or inherited conditions

Life-threatening Causes[edit | edit source]

• Life-threatening causes include conditions which may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. There are no life-threatening causes of disease name, however complications resulting from untreated disease name is common.
• Life-threatening causes of [symptom/manifestation] include [cause1], [cause2], and [cause3].
• [Cause] is a life-threatening cause of [disease].

Common Causes[edit | edit source]

Common causes of [disease name] may include:

• [Cause1]
• [Cause2]
• [Cause3]

OR

• [Disease name] is caused by an infection with [pathogen name].
• [Pathogen name] is caused by [pathogen name].

Less Common Causes[edit | edit source]

Less common causes of [disease name] include:

• [Cause1]
• [Cause2]
• [Cause3]

Genetic Causes[edit | edit source]

• [Disease name] is caused by a mutation in the [gene name] gene.

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	No underlying causes
Chemical/Poisoning	No underlying causes
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	No underlying causes
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	No underlying causes
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	No underlying causes
Genetic	No underlying causes
Hematologic	No underlying causes
Iatrogenic	No underlying causes
Infectious Disease	No underlying causes
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	No underlying causes
Nutritional/Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	No underlying causes
Ophthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	No underlying causes
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order[edit | edit source]

List the causes of the disease in alphabetical order:

• Cause 1
• Cause 2
• Cause 3
• Cause 4