Small intestine cancer physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Qurrat-ul-ain Abid, M.D.[2]

Overview

Generally, the most common signs of small intestinal cancer are emaciation, lethargy, abdominal tenderness, abdominal mass, hepatomegaly, ascites, icterus, enlarged lymph nodes and pallor. Other signs include low-grade fever, discomfort on palpation, rectal bleeding, abdominal mass, and jaundice.

Physical Examination

• Clinical features of small intestinal tumors have not been clearly studied, as its a rare condition.
• Advanced stage tumors present with signs of intestinal obstructions.
• Common physical exam findings include abdominal tenderness, abdominal mass, hepatomegaly, ascites, icterus, or enlarged lymph nodes.
• Stool must be checked for blood.
• Symptoms related to obstruction appear when tumor is at advanced stage as, contents of small intestine are mostly fluid.

Appearance of the Patient:

• Lethargic
• Pale
• Emaciated in late stage

Vital Signs:

• Tachycardia due to anemia

Skin:

• Pale

HEENT:

• May be normal
• May show icterus in case of liver involvement
• Lympadenopathy may be positive
  

Neck:

• Can be normal on examination

• May show lymphadenopathy in case of distant metastasis

Lungs:

• Lungs can be normal on auscultation

Heart:

• Heart sounds can be normal i
• In case of distant involvement there may be findings on auscultation

Abdomen:

• On palpation abdomen may show tenderness, mass, ascities and hepatomegaly

Back:

• Back may be normal on examination

Genitourinary:

• Genitourinary may show maleena or blood per rectum

Abdomen:

• Abdomen can show signs of obstruction and mass

Neuromuscular:

• Depending on the stage of the disease may be normal or agitated

Extremities:

• Extremities can show mass loss and emaciation in late stage