Subdural hematoma pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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*Type B Niemann–Pick disease | *Type B Niemann–Pick disease | ||
== Associated Conditions == | == Associated Conditions == | ||
Conditions associated with | Conditions associated with subdural hematoma include: | ||
* | * Elderly | ||
* | * Anticoagulant use | ||
* | * Alcoholics | ||
* Seizure | |||
* CSF shunt | |||
* Arachnoid cyst | |||
* Meningioma | |||
* Cocaine | |||
* Dural metastase | |||
* Roller coaster | |||
== Gross Pathology == | == Gross Pathology == | ||
Revision as of 14:48, 29 May 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Pathophysiology
Physiology
The normal physiology of bridging veins can be understood as follows:[1]
- In embryonic period, there is lots of anastomosis between brain and dura matter venous drainage.
- After 12 weeks of gestation these anastomosis will disappear and what is left from them create bridging veins.
- These vein s will drain venous blood from underlying brain tissue to the dural sinuses.
Pathogenesis
- It is understood that subdural hematoma is the result of:
- Rupture in bridging veins (mostly due to head trauma) and hemorrhage between dura matter and arachnoid, leading to subdural hematoma.
- Rupture of small cortical atreries and hemorrhage into the space between dura matter and arachnoid, leading to subdural hematoma.
- Intracranial hypotension (mostly due to lumbar punctue) and traction of bridging veins which leads to subdural hematoma
- Subdural hematomas as a result of arterial rupture accounts for 20% of SDH cases and are mostly in temporoparietal region.
- Since most of the SDH cases are due to vein rupture, the bleeding will stop on its own as a result of a clot formation or increased intracranial pressure.
Genetics
Genes involved in the pathogenesis of subdural hematoma include:
- ADPKD[2][3][4][5][6]
- Osteogenesis imperfecta
- Fabry's disease
- Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB
- Type B Niemann–Pick disease
Associated Conditions
Conditions associated with subdural hematoma include:
- Elderly
- Anticoagulant use
- Alcoholics
- Seizure
- CSF shunt
- Arachnoid cyst
- Meningioma
- Cocaine
- Dural metastase
- Roller coaster
Gross Pathology
On gross pathology, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
Microscopic Pathology
On microscopic histopathological analysis, [feature1], [feature2], and [feature3] are characteristic findings of [disease name].
References
- ↑ Famaey, Nele; Ying Cui, Zhao; Umuhire Musigazi, Grace; Ivens, Jan; Depreitere, Bart; Verbeken, Erik; Vander Sloten, Jos (2015). "Structural and mechanical characterisation of bridging veins: A review". Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials. 41: 222–240. doi:10.1016/j.jmbbm.2014.06.009. ISSN 1751-6161.
- ↑ McGovern, Margaret M.; Lippa, Natalie; Bagiella, Emilia; Schuchman, Edward H.; Desnick, Robert J.; Wasserstein, Melissa P. (2013). "Morbidity and mortality in type B Niemann–Pick disease". Genetics in Medicine. 15 (8): 618–623. doi:10.1038/gim.2013.4. ISSN 1098-3600.
- ↑ Pirson, Yves (2010). "Extrarenal Manifestations of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease". Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease. 17 (2): 173–180. doi:10.1053/j.ackd.2010.01.003. ISSN 1548-5595.
- ↑ Mitsias, Panyiotis; Levine, Steven R. (1996). "Cerebrovascular complications of Fabry's disease". Annals of Neurology. 40 (1): 8–17. doi:10.1002/ana.410400105. ISSN 0364-5134.
- ↑ Groninger, Anja; Schaper, Jörg; Messing-Juenger, Martina; Mayatepek, Ertan; Rosenbaum, Thorsten (2005). "Subdural hematoma as clinical presentation of osteogenesis imperfecta". Pediatric Neurology. 32 (2): 140–142. doi:10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2004.07.011. ISSN 0887-8994.
- ↑ Aydin M, Akarsu S, Kabakus N, Akpolat N (May 2006). "Mucopolysaccharidosis IIIB, cerebral vasculopathy and recurrent subdural hematoma". Indian Pediatr. 43 (5): 437–40. PMID 16735769.