B-cell lymphoma overview: Difference between revisions
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The '''B-cell lymphomas''' are types of [[non-Hodgkin lymphoma]] affecting [[B cells]]. It develops more frequently in immunocompromised individuals (such as those with [[AIDS]].) | The '''B-cell lymphomas''' are types of [[non-Hodgkin lymphoma]] affecting [[B cells]]. It develops more frequently in immunocompromised individuals (such as those with [[AIDS]].) | ||
== Historical Perspective == | |||
== Classification == | |||
== Pathophysiology == | |||
<br /> | |||
===Genetics=== | |||
[[Chromosomal translocation]]s involving the immunoglobulin heavy locus (IGH@) is a classic cytogenetic abnormality for many B-cell lymphomas, including [[follicular lymphoma]], [[mantle cell lymphoma]] and [[Burkitt's lymphoma]]. In these cases, The immunoglobulin heavy locus forms a [[fusion protein]] with another protein that has pro-proliferative or anti-apoptotic abilities. The enhancer element of the immunoglobulin heavy locus, which normally functions to make B cells produce massive production of antibodies, now induces massive transcription of the fusion protein, resulting in excessive pro-proliferative or anti-apoptotic effects on the B cells containing the fusion protein. In [[Burkitt's lymphoma]] and [[mantle cell lymphoma]], the other protein in the fusion is [[c-myc]] (on chromosome 8) and [[cyclin D1]]<ref name="jy">{{cite journal |author=Li JY, Gaillard F, Moreau A, ''et al.'' |title=Detection of translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) in mantle cell lymphoma by fluorescence in situ hybridization |journal=Am. J. Pathol. |volume=154 |issue=5 |pages=1449–52 |year=1999 |month=May |pmid=10329598 |pmc=1866594 |doi= 10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65399-0|url=}}</ref> (on chromosome 11), respectively, which gives the [[fusion protein]] pro-proliferative ability. In [[follicular lymphoma]], the fused protein is [[Bcl-2]] (on chromosome 18), which gives the fusion protein anti-apoptotic abilities. | |||
===Microscopic Pathology=== | |||
Shown below is a microscopic image of Hodgkins Lymphoma which is a type of B cell lymphoma.Lymph node FNA specimen(Field's stain) The micrograph shows a mixture of cells commonly seen in Hodgkins lymphoma: | |||
*Eosinophils | |||
*Reed Sternberg cells | |||
*Plasma cells | |||
*Histiocytes | |||
[[File:800px-Hodgkin_lymphoma_cytology_large.jpg|center|300x300px]] | |||
<br /> | |||
== Causes == | |||
== Differentiating B-cell lymphoma from other Diseases == | |||
== Epidemiology and Demographics == | |||
== Risk Factors == | |||
== Natural History, Complications and Prognosis == | |||
== Diagnosis == | |||
Staging | |||
History and Symptoms | |||
Physical Examination | |||
Laboratory Findings | |||
X-ray | |||
CT | |||
MRI | |||
Other Imaging findings | |||
Other Diagnostic studies | |||
== Treatment == | |||
Medical Therapy | |||
Surgery | |||
Primary Prevenention | |||
Secondary Prevention | |||
<br /> | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 02:32, 30 July 2019
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
The B-cell lymphomas are types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma affecting B cells. It develops more frequently in immunocompromised individuals (such as those with AIDS.)
Historical Perspective
Classification
Pathophysiology
Genetics
Chromosomal translocations involving the immunoglobulin heavy locus (IGH@) is a classic cytogenetic abnormality for many B-cell lymphomas, including follicular lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma and Burkitt's lymphoma. In these cases, The immunoglobulin heavy locus forms a fusion protein with another protein that has pro-proliferative or anti-apoptotic abilities. The enhancer element of the immunoglobulin heavy locus, which normally functions to make B cells produce massive production of antibodies, now induces massive transcription of the fusion protein, resulting in excessive pro-proliferative or anti-apoptotic effects on the B cells containing the fusion protein. In Burkitt's lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma, the other protein in the fusion is c-myc (on chromosome 8) and cyclin D1[1] (on chromosome 11), respectively, which gives the fusion protein pro-proliferative ability. In follicular lymphoma, the fused protein is Bcl-2 (on chromosome 18), which gives the fusion protein anti-apoptotic abilities.
Microscopic Pathology
Shown below is a microscopic image of Hodgkins Lymphoma which is a type of B cell lymphoma.Lymph node FNA specimen(Field's stain) The micrograph shows a mixture of cells commonly seen in Hodgkins lymphoma:
- Eosinophils
- Reed Sternberg cells
- Plasma cells
- Histiocytes
Causes
Differentiating B-cell lymphoma from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Staging
History and Symptoms
Physical Examination
Laboratory Findings
X-ray
CT
MRI
Other Imaging findings
Other Diagnostic studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy
Surgery
Primary Prevenention
Secondary Prevention
References
- ↑ Li JY, Gaillard F, Moreau A; et al. (1999). "Detection of translocation t(11;14)(q13;q32) in mantle cell lymphoma by fluorescence in situ hybridization". Am. J. Pathol. 154 (5): 1449–52. doi:10.1016/S0002-9440(10)65399-0. PMC 1866594. PMID 10329598. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)