Human respiratory syncytial virus risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Bassel Almarie M.D.[2]

Risk factors

Patient Groups at High Risk for Severe RSV Disease:

• Prematurity
• Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
• Congenital Heart Disease
• Neuromuscular Impairment
• Immunodeficiency
• Immunosuppression
• Down Syndrome

Host Related Risk Factors Increasing Severity of RSV Infection:

• Age < 6 months at the beginning of the RSV season
• Multiple birth
• Male sex
• Low socio-economic status and parental education
• Crowded living conditions/siblings
• Maternal smoking and indoor smoke pollution
• Malnutrition/small for gestational age
• Family history of atopy of asthma
• Low cord serum antibody titers
• Living at altitude

Risk Factors for Acquisition of RSV:

• Birth before or during RSV season
• Day care attendance/older siblings in school or day-care
• Lack of breastfeeding