Hypertensive nephropathy pathophysiology: Difference between revisions
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*One mechanism suggests that glomerular ischemia results from afferent arteriolar constriction, with a consequent reduction in [[glomerular filtration rate]]. | *One mechanism suggests that glomerular ischemia results from afferent arteriolar constriction, with a consequent reduction in [[glomerular filtration rate]]. | ||
*Another theory postulates that systemic [[hypertension]] causes injury to the nephrons. As a result, the remaining healthy nephrons undergo hyperfiltration and increase in intra-glomerular pressure from vaso-dilatation of afferent renal arterioles. This results in progressive glomerulosclerosis. | *Another theory postulates that systemic [[hypertension]] causes injury to the nephrons. As a result, the remaining healthy nephrons undergo hyperfiltration and increase in intra-glomerular pressure from vaso-dilatation of afferent renal arterioles. This results in progressive glomerulosclerosis. | ||
*In patients with primary [[hypertension]], | |||
Revision as of 02:36, 27 September 2012
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Differentiating Hypertensive Nephropathy from other Diseases |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aarti Narayan, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
The kidneys may be damaged by or cause hypertension. Evidence from studies on renal transplant recipients and familial studies suggests a genetic component in occurrence of hypertensive nephropathy and nephrosclerosis.
Pathophysiology
- Two pathophysiological mechanisms have been postulated for development of nephrosclerosis and chronic kidney disease in patients with hypertension.
- One mechanism suggests that glomerular ischemia results from afferent arteriolar constriction, with a consequent reduction in glomerular filtration rate.
- Another theory postulates that systemic hypertension causes injury to the nephrons. As a result, the remaining healthy nephrons undergo hyperfiltration and increase in intra-glomerular pressure from vaso-dilatation of afferent renal arterioles. This results in progressive glomerulosclerosis.
- In patients with primary hypertension,