Fever of unknown origin causes: Difference between revisions

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|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Renal adenocarcinoma]], [[Hodgkin's lymphoma]], [[Pancreatic cancer]], [[Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinaemia]], [[Paraneoplastic syndrome]], [[Atrial myxoma]] 


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Revision as of 15:35, 29 January 2013


Fever of unknown origin Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

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Overview

Causes

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is the most frequent cause of FUO.[1] Drug fever, as sole symptom of an adverse reaction to medication, should always be thought of. Disseminated granulomatoses such as Tuberculosis, Histoplasmosis, Coccidioidomycosis, Blastomycosis and Sarcoidosis are associated with FUO.

Lymphomas are the most common cause of FUO in adults. Thromboembolic disease (i.e. pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis) occasionally shows fever. Although infrequent, its potentially lethal consequences warrant evaluation of this cause. Endocarditis, although uncommon, is another important thing to consider. An underestimated reason is factitious fever. Patients frequently are women that work, or have worked, in the medical field and have complex medical histories.[2]

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Endocarditis
Chemical / poisoning Bismuth
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Allopurinol, Amphotericin B, Aminoglutethimide, Barbiturates, Bismuth, Chlorpromazine, Ethotoin, GMCSF, Levomepromazine, Methyldopa, Perazine, Phenophthalein, Pipothiazine, Promazine, Penicillin, Phenytoin, Quinidine, Rifampicin



Ear Nose Throat
Endocrine
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic
Genetic
Hematologic
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Lung abscess, Subdiaphragmatic abscess, Liver abscess, Pyelonephritis, Salmonella typhi, Osteomyelitis, Neisseria gonorrhoea, Leptospirosis, Q fever, Endocarditis, Tularaemia, Scrub typhus, Relapsing fever, Rickettsia akari, Boutonneuse fever, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Periodic fever aphthous pharyngitis and cervical adenopathy, Ehrlichiosis, Atypical pneumonia, Cyclical neutropenia, Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, Streptococcus suis, catheter infections, Lepromatous leprosy, Treponema pallidum, Neisseria meningiditis, UTI, Borrelia burgdorferi, Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare, Sinusitis, Actinomycosis, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Leptospira hebdomadis, Listeria monocytogenes, Brucellosis, Blastomycosis, Candida albicans, Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, Invasive aspergillosis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Psittacosis, Coccidioidomycosis, Histoplasmosis, Malaria, Toxoplasma, Sleeping sickness, Entamoeba histolytica, Visceral leishmaniasis, Fasciola hepatica, Epstein-Barr virus, Hepatitis B, HIV-1 disease, Newcastle disease
Musculoskeletal / Ortho
Neurologic
Nutritional / Metabolic
Obstetric/Gynecologic
Oncologic Renal adenocarcinoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Pancreatic cancer, Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinaemia, Paraneoplastic syndrome, Atrial myxoma
Opthalmologic
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric
Pulmonary No underlying causes
Renal / Electrolyte
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Polyarteritis nodosa, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Polymyalgia rheumatica, Sarcoidosis, Polymyositis, Temporal arteritis, Juvenile chronic arthritis, Hyperimmunoglobulinemia D and periodic fever syndrome, Wegener's granulomatosis, Recurrent hereditary polyserositis, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, Still's Disease, Rheumatoid disease, Whipple's disease, Retroperitoneal fibrosis, Crohn's disease, Ulcerative colitis, Schnitzler syndrome
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Miscellaneous

References

  1. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 16th Edition, The McGraw-Hill Companies, ISBN 0-07-140235-7
  2. Mandell's Principles and Practices of Infection Diseases 6th Edition (2004) by Gerald L. Mandell MD, MACP, John E. Bennett MD, Raphael Dolin MD, ISBN 0-443-06643-4 · Hardback · 4016 Pages Churchill Livingstone