Fever of unknown origin causes: Difference between revisions

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|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''
|style="height:100px"; style="width:25%" border="1" bgcolor="LightSteelBlue" | '''Cardiovascular'''


|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Endocarditis]]
|style="height:100px"; style="width:75%" border="1" bgcolor="Beige" | [[Endocarditis]], [[Deep vein thrombosis]], [[Thrombophlebitis]]


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|-
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|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Allopurinol]], [[Amphotericin B]], [[Aminoglutethimide]], [[Barbiturates]], [[Bismuth]], [[Chlorpromazine]], [[Ethotoin]], [[GMCSF]], [[Levomepromazine]], [[Methyldopa]], [[Perazine]], [[Phenophthalein]], [[Pipothiazine]], [[Promazine]], [[Penicillin]], [[Phenytoin]], [[Quinidine]], [[Rifampicin]]
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Allopurinol]], [[Amphotericin B]], [[Aminoglutethimide]], [[Barbiturates]], [[Bismuth]], [[Chlorpromazine]], [[Ethotoin]], [[GMCSF]], [[Levomepromazine]], [[Methyldopa]], [[Perazine]], [[Phenophthalein]], [[Pipothiazine]], [[Promazine]], [[Penicillin]], [[Phenytoin]], [[Quinidine]], [[Rifampicin]]
|-
|-


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| '''Ear Nose Throat'''
| '''Ear Nose Throat'''


|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Periodic fever aphthous pharyngitis and cervical adenopathy]]


|-  
|-  
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| '''Endocrine'''
| '''Endocrine'''


|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes


|-  
|-  
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| '''Gastroenterologic'''
| '''Gastroenterologic'''


|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Cirrhosis of liver]], [[Crohn's disease]], [[Ulcerative Colitis]], [[Whipple's disease]], [[Choledochal cyst]], [[Cholangitis]]


|-
|-


|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
|-bgcolor="LightSteelBlue"
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| '''Genetic'''
| '''Genetic'''


|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes


|-
|-
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| '''Hematologic'''
| '''Hematologic'''


|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinaemia]], [[Hyperimmunoglobulinemia D and periodic fever syndrome]]


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|-
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| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''
| '''Musculoskeletal / Ortho'''


|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Osteomyelitis]], [[Discitis]], [[Polymyalgia rheumatica]]


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|-
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| '''Neurologic'''
| '''Neurologic'''


|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 3]], [[Vitamin B12 deficiency]]
 
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|-


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| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''
| '''Nutritional / Metabolic'''


|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Vitamin B12 deficiency]]


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|-
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| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''
| '''Obstetric/Gynecologic'''


|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes


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|-
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| '''Opthalmologic'''
| '''Opthalmologic'''


|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes


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|-
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| '''Psychiatric'''
| '''Psychiatric'''


|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes


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|-
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| '''Pulmonary'''
| '''Pulmonary'''


|bgcolor="Beige"| No underlying causes
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Lung abscess]], [[Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis]], [[Invasive aspergillosis]]


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|-
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| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''
| '''Renal / Electrolyte'''


|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Acute pyelonephritis]], [[Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis]]


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|-
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| '''Miscellaneous'''
| '''Miscellaneous'''


|bgcolor="Beige"|  
|bgcolor="Beige"| [[Surgery complication]], [[Fabry's disease]]


|-
|-

Revision as of 16:36, 29 January 2013


Fever of unknown origin Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

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Overview

Causes

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis is the most frequent cause of FUO.[1] Drug fever, as sole symptom of an adverse reaction to medication, should always be thought of. Disseminated granulomatoses such as Tuberculosis, Histoplasmosis, Coccidioidomycosis, Blastomycosis and Sarcoidosis are associated with FUO.

Lymphomas are the most common cause of FUO in adults. Thromboembolic disease (i.e. pulmonary embolism, deep venous thrombosis) occasionally shows fever. Although infrequent, its potentially lethal consequences warrant evaluation of this cause. Endocarditis, although uncommon, is another important thing to consider. An underestimated reason is factitious fever. Patients frequently are women that work, or have worked, in the medical field and have complex medical histories.[2]

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular Endocarditis, Deep vein thrombosis, Thrombophlebitis
Chemical / poisoning Bismuth
Dermatologic No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect Allopurinol, Amphotericin B, Aminoglutethimide, Barbiturates, Bismuth, Chlorpromazine, Ethotoin, GMCSF, Levomepromazine, Methyldopa, Perazine, Phenophthalein, Pipothiazine, Promazine, Penicillin, Phenytoin, Quinidine, Rifampicin
Ear Nose Throat Periodic fever aphthous pharyngitis and cervical adenopathy
Endocrine No underlying causes
Environmental No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic Cirrhosis of liver, Crohn's disease, Ulcerative Colitis, Whipple's disease, Choledochal cyst, Cholangitis
Genetic No underlying causes
Hematologic Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinaemia, Hyperimmunoglobulinemia D and periodic fever syndrome
Iatrogenic No underlying causes
Infectious Disease Lung abscess, Subdiaphragmatic abscess, Liver abscess, Pyelonephritis, Salmonella typhi, Osteomyelitis, Neisseria gonorrhoea, Leptospirosis, Q fever, Endocarditis, Tularaemia, Scrub typhus, Relapsing fever, Rickettsia akari, Boutonneuse fever, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Periodic fever aphthous pharyngitis and cervical adenopathy, Ehrlichiosis, Atypical pneumonia, Cyclical neutropenia, Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, Streptococcus suis, catheter infections, Lepromatous leprosy, Treponema pallidum, Neisseria meningiditis, UTI, Borrelia burgdorferi, Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare, Sinusitis, Actinomycosis, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Leptospira hebdomadis, Listeria monocytogenes, Brucellosis, Blastomycosis, Candida albicans, Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, Invasive aspergillosis, Cryptococcus neoformans, Psittacosis, Coccidioidomycosis, Histoplasmosis, Malaria, Toxoplasma, Sleeping sickness, Entamoeba histolytica, Visceral leishmaniasis, Fasciola hepatica, Epstein-Barr virus, Hepatitis B, HIV-1 disease, Newcastle disease
Musculoskeletal / Ortho Osteomyelitis, Discitis, Polymyalgia rheumatica
Neurologic Hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type 3, Vitamin B12 deficiency
Nutritional / Metabolic Vitamin B12 deficiency
Obstetric/Gynecologic No underlying causes
Oncologic Renal adenocarcinoma, Hodgkin's lymphoma, Pancreatic cancer, Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy with dysproteinaemia, Paraneoplastic syndrome, Atrial myxoma
Opthalmologic No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity No underlying causes
Psychiatric No underlying causes
Pulmonary Lung abscess, Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, Invasive aspergillosis
Renal / Electrolyte Acute pyelonephritis, Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis
Rheum / Immune / Allergy Polyarteritis nodosa, Systemic lupus erythematosus, Polymyalgia rheumatica, Sarcoidosis, Polymyositis, Temporal arteritis, Juvenile chronic arthritis, Hyperimmunoglobulinemia D and periodic fever syndrome, Wegener's granulomatosis, Recurrent hereditary polyserositis, Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation, Still's Disease, Rheumatoid disease, Whipple's disease, Retroperitoneal fibrosis, Crohn's disease, Ulcerative colitis, Schnitzler syndrome
Sexual No underlying causes
Trauma No underlying causes
Urologic No underlying causes
Dental No underlying causes
Miscellaneous Surgery complication, Fabry's disease

References

  1. ↑ Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 16th Edition, The McGraw-Hill Companies, ISBN 0-07-140235-7
  2. ↑ Mandell's Principles and Practices of Infection Diseases 6th Edition (2004) by Gerald L. Mandell MD, MACP, John E. Bennett MD, Raphael Dolin MD, ISBN 0-443-06643-4 · Hardback · 4016 Pages Churchill Livingstone
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