Small cell carcinoma of the lung risk factors: Difference between revisions

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** Cigar smoking: Cigar smoking is also an established risk factor of lung cancer, but the risk is less when compared to cigarette smoking because of the differences in smoking frequency and depth of inhalation.<ref name="cancer.gov">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Smoking - Cancer | url = http://cancercontrol.cancer.gov/brp/tcrb/monographs/15/monograph15.pdf | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = }}</ref>
** Cigar smoking: Cigar smoking is also an established risk factor of lung cancer, but the risk is less when compared to cigarette smoking because of the differences in smoking frequency and depth of inhalation.<ref name="cancer.gov">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Smoking - Cancer | url = http://cancercontrol.cancer.gov/brp/tcrb/monographs/15/monograph15.pdf | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = }}</ref>
** Pipe smoking: Pipe smoking is another risk factor of lung cancer, which holds the same pattern as cigar smoking when compared to cigarette smoking in terms of risk.<ref name="pmid10218507">{{cite journal| author=Boffetta P, Pershagen G, Jöckel KH, Forastiere F, Gaborieau V, Heinrich J et al.| title=Cigar and pipe smoking and lung cancer risk: a multicenter study from Europe. | journal=J Natl Cancer Inst | year= 1999 | volume= 91 | issue= 8 | pages= 697-701 | pmid=10218507 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10218507  }} </ref>   
** Pipe smoking: Pipe smoking is another risk factor of lung cancer, which holds the same pattern as cigar smoking when compared to cigarette smoking in terms of risk.<ref name="pmid10218507">{{cite journal| author=Boffetta P, Pershagen G, Jöckel KH, Forastiere F, Gaborieau V, Heinrich J et al.| title=Cigar and pipe smoking and lung cancer risk: a multicenter study from Europe. | journal=J Natl Cancer Inst | year= 1999 | volume= 91 | issue= 8 | pages= 697-701 | pmid=10218507 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10218507  }} </ref>   
** Menthol cigarette smoking: Although not a greater risk factor when compared to nonmenthol cigarette smoking,<ref name="fda.gov">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Menthol - Lung cancer | url = http://www.fda.gov/AdvisoryCommittees/CommitteesMeetingMaterials/TobaccoProductsScientificAdvisoryCommittee/ucm247605.htm | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = }}</ref> menthol cigarette smoking contributes as a risk factor of small cell carcinoma of the lung by increasing the number of smokers and the duration of smoking, resulting in increased smoking prevalence.
** Menthol cigarette smoking: Although not a greater risk factor when compared to nonmenthol cigarette smoking, menthol cigarette smoking contributes as a risk factor of small cell carcinoma of the lung by increasing the number of smokers and the duration of smoking, resulting in increased smoking prevalence.<ref name="fda.gov">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Menthol - Lung cancer | url = http://www.fda.gov/AdvisoryCommittees/CommitteesMeetingMaterials/TobaccoProductsScientificAdvisoryCommittee/ucm247605.htm | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = }}</ref>  
** Second hand smoking: Regardless of the source of exposure, passive smoking or secondhand smoking is associated with a 20% to 30% increased risk of lung cancer.<ref name="surgeongeneral.gov">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Tobacco - Health consequences | url = http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/reports/secondhandsmoke/fullreport.pdf | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = }}</ref>   
** Second hand smoking: Regardless of the source of exposure, passive smoking or secondhand smoking is associated with a 20% to 30% increased risk of lung cancer.<ref name="surgeongeneral.gov">{{Cite web  | last =  | first =  | title = Tobacco - Health consequences | url = http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/reports/secondhandsmoke/fullreport.pdf | publisher =  | date =  | accessdate = }}</ref>   


Revision as of 23:04, 8 June 2014

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Risk Factors

Clinical data has suggested that the development of small cell carcinoma of the lung is related to several risk factors.

  • Tobacco smoking
    • Cigarette smoking: Clinical data shows that cigarette smoking is by far the leading risk factor for lung cancer, especially for small cell carcinoma of the lung, accounting for 80% to 90% of the cases in the United States and other countries.[1]
    • Cigar smoking: Cigar smoking is also an established risk factor of lung cancer, but the risk is less when compared to cigarette smoking because of the differences in smoking frequency and depth of inhalation.[2]
    • Pipe smoking: Pipe smoking is another risk factor of lung cancer, which holds the same pattern as cigar smoking when compared to cigarette smoking in terms of risk.[3]
    • Menthol cigarette smoking: Although not a greater risk factor when compared to nonmenthol cigarette smoking, menthol cigarette smoking contributes as a risk factor of small cell carcinoma of the lung by increasing the number of smokers and the duration of smoking, resulting in increased smoking prevalence.[4]
    • Second hand smoking: Regardless of the source of exposure, passive smoking or secondhand smoking is associated with a 20% to 30% increased risk of lung cancer.[5]
  • Radon: As a radioactive gas, radon increases the risk of small cell carcinoma of the lung.
  • Asbestos: Epidemiological survey suggests people who work with asbestos have a higher risk of developing lung cancer, especially for small cell carcinoma of the lung.


References

  1. ↑ "Smoking - Developed countries".
  2. ↑ "Smoking - Cancer" (PDF).
  3. ↑ Boffetta P, Pershagen G, Jöckel KH, Forastiere F, Gaborieau V, Heinrich J; et al. (1999). "Cigar and pipe smoking and lung cancer risk: a multicenter study from Europe". J Natl Cancer Inst. 91 (8): 697–701. PMID 10218507.
  4. ↑ "Menthol - Lung cancer".
  5. ↑ "Tobacco - Health consequences" (PDF).


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