Small cell carcinoma of the lung physical examination: Difference between revisions
Rim Halaby (talk | contribs) |
Rim Halaby (talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
===General Appearance=== | ===General Appearance=== | ||
*[[Cachexia]] ([[weight loss]] and [[anorexia]]) | *[[Cachexia]] ([[weight loss]] and [[anorexia]]) | ||
* Central [[obesity]] (suggestive of [[Cushing's syndrome]]) | |||
*[[Jaundice]] (suggestive of liver [[metastasis]]) | *[[Jaundice]] (suggestive of liver [[metastasis]]) | ||
*[[Pale skin]] (suggestive of [[anemia of chronic disease]]) | *[[Pale skin]] (suggestive of [[anemia of chronic disease]]) | ||
Revision as of 15:22, 19 June 2014
|
Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung Microchapters |
|
Differentiating Small Cell Carcinoma of the Lung from other Diseases |
|---|
|
Diagnosis |
|
Treatment |
|
Case Studies |
|
Small cell carcinoma of the lung physical examination On the Web |
|
American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Small cell carcinoma of the lung physical examination |
|
FDA on Small cell carcinoma of the lung physical examination |
|
CDC on Small cell carcinoma of the lung physical examination |
|
Small cell carcinoma of the lung physical examination in the news |
|
Blogs on Small cell carcinoma of the lung physical examination |
|
Directions to Hospitals Treating Small cell carcinoma of the lung |
|
Risk calculators and risk factors for Small cell carcinoma of the lung physical examination |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editors-in-Chief: Guillermo Rodriguez Nava, M.D. [2]
Overview
Many authors have concluded that performing a complete assessment, with a detailed history and physical examination, is useful for identifying patients with a higher likelihood of metastases.[1]
Physical Examination[1][2][3]
Vital Signs
- Fever (in up to 20% of patients with lung cancer)
- Hypertension (can be present in case of Cushing's syndrome)
General Appearance
- Cachexia (weight loss and anorexia)
- Central obesity (suggestive of Cushing's syndrome)
- Jaundice (suggestive of liver metastasis)
- Pale skin (suggestive of anemia of chronic disease)
- Cyanosis (suggestive of severe dyspnea)
- Lymphadenopathy (> 1 cm)
- Dehydration (suggestive of hypercalcemia)
HEENT
Head
- Moon facies (suggestive of Cushing's syndrome)
Eyes
- Yellow discoloration of the sclera (suggestive of jaundice due to liver metastasis)
- Conjunctival pallor (suggestive of anemia of chronic disease)
- Miosis, ipsilateral ptosis and lack of facial sweating (suggestive of Horner's syndrome)
Shown below is an image depicting ptosis in a patient with Horner's syndrome.
-
Horner's Syndrome
Throat
- Hoarseness ( suggestive of compression of the recurrent laryngeal nerve)
Lungs
- unilateral decreased air entry
- Unilateral wheeze
- Decreased air entry in the bases of the lungs and/or crackles (suggestive of Pleural effusion)
Abdomen
- Hepatomegaly (> 13 cm span) (suggestive of liver metastasis)
Musculoskeletal system
- Digital clubbing
- Bone tenderness (suggestive of bone metastasis)
- Osteoarthropathy: painful symmetrical arthropathy of the knees, wrist, and knees, and periosteal new bone formation.
Shown below is an image depicting digital clubbing.
-
Clubbing -
Clubbing
Neurological
A complete neurological exam should be performed.
- Ataxia, dysarthria, nystagmus and sever vertigo: cerebellar degeneration
- Proximal muscles of lower extremities weakness and fatiguability, abnormal gait, hyporeflexia, increased deep-tendon reflexes after facilitation, autonomic dysfunction, and paresthesias
Skin
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Spiro SG, Gould MK, Colice GL, American College of Chest Physicians (2007). "Initial evaluation of the patient with lung cancer: symptoms, signs, laboratory tests, and paraneoplastic syndromes: ACCP evidenced-based clinical practice guidelines (2nd edition)". Chest. 132 (3 Suppl): 149S–160S. doi:10.1378/chest.07-1358. PMID 17873166.
- ↑ van Meerbeeck JP, Fennell DA, De Ruysscher DK (2011). "Small-cell lung cancer". Lancet. 378 (9804): 1741–55. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60165-7. PMID 21565397.
- ↑ Sher T, Dy GK, Adjei AA (2008). "Small cell lung cancer". Mayo Clin Proc. 83 (3): 355–67. doi:10.4065/83.3.355. PMID 18316005.