Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia overview
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis is a rapidly developing pneumonia-like illness characterised by lung inflammation and scarring that obstruct the small airways and air sacs of the lungs (alveoli). Its name is derived from the fact that it closely mimics pneumonia infections. (The term COP is used in Europe and BOOP in North America.)
Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia is an inflammation of the bronchioles and surrounding tissue in the lungs. BOOP is often caused by a pre-existing chronic inflammatory disease like rheumatoid arthritis. In cases where no cause is found, the disease is called cryptogenic organizing pneumonia.
The clinical features and radiological imaging resemble infectious pneumonia. However, diagnosis is suspected after there is no response to multiple antibiotics, and blood and sputum cultures are negative for organisms.
Historical Perspective
Initial descriptions of organizing pneumonia can be traced back to 1877 Paris, in the lectures of J.M. Charcot. The first report of non-infectious organizing pneumonia without an identifiable underlying etiology was published in 1983. Soon after, the term "bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP)" was introduced. This nomenclature was abandoned in 2002 by the American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society International Consensus Panel and the term cryptogenic organizing pneumonia was adopted.