Bourbon virus infection pathophysiology
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Syed Hassan A. Kazmi BSc, MD [2]
Overview
Pathophysiology
Bourbon virus is a negative sense segmented RNA virus belonging to the genus Thogotovirus, family Orthomyxovirida.
=Transmission
- Boubon virus is transmitted mainly by ticks.
- The virus is able to replicate in vertebrate and tick cells.
Adherence
- Virus attaches to the N-acetylneuraminic acid component found in host cell membrane (sialic acid receptors).[1]
Endocytosis
- The virus gets endocytosed by clathrins into the host cell.
- Endosome acidification induces fusion of virus membrane with the vesicle membrane.
Virology and replication
- Thogoto viruses are spherical, enveloped single stranded RNA viruses with a segmented genome.
- Virions are 80-120nm in diameter with a total genome size of approximately 10Kb. The 6-7 segments of genome code for 7-9 proteins with each segment ranging from 0.9 to 2.3 Kb10.
- Viral RNA polymerases (PA, PB1 and PB2) transcribes one mRNA from each gnome segment .
- Splicing of segment 6 mRNA gives rise to mRNA coding for the matrix protein M1.
- Transcription of genomic segments by the viral polymerase produces mRNAs that are capped and polyadenylated by the viral polymerase.