Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance laboratory findings

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Omer Kamal, M.D.[2]

Overview

Patients may be diagnosed with MGUS if they fulfill the three component criteria which includes a monoclonal paraprotein band less than 3 g/dl, plasma cells less than 10% on bone marrow examination, and no evidence of bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia, or renal insufficiency related to the paraprotein. Check the blood for hypercalcemia and deterioration in renal function, check the urine for Bence-Jones protein.

Laboratory Findings

• Patients may be diagnosed with MGUS if they fulfill the following three criteria:

1. A monoclonal paraprotein band less than 3 g/dl
2. Plasma cells less than 10% on bone marrow examination
3. No evidence of bone lesions, anemia, hypercalcemia, or renal insufficiency related to the paraprotein

• Check the blood for hypercalcemia and deterioration in renal function
• Urine for Bence-Jones protein
• Serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation
• The serum free light chain (FLC) assay in urine protein electrophoresis and immunofixation.
• Immunoglobulins quantitation