Esthesioneuroblastoma CT
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Esthesioneuroblastoma Microchapters | |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Esthesioneuroblastoma CT | |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Simrat Sarai, M.D. [2]
Overview
CT
The tumours are slow growing and the choice of imaging will depend on the tumour's size. They begin as masses in the superior olfactory recess and initially involve the anterior and middle ethmoid air-cells on one side1-2. As they grow, they tend to destroy surrounding bone, and can extend in any direction. This invasion may be superiorly into the anterior cranial fossa, laterally into the orbits and across the midline into the contralateral nasal cavity. They can also obstruct the ostia of paranasal sinuses resulting in opacification of the sinus with secretions 2.
Particular attention should be paid to the presence of cervical and retropharyngeal nodal metastases which are present in 10-44% of cases at diagnosis
CT is particularly useful in assessing bony destruction, although it cannot distinguish olfactory neuroblastomas from other tumors that arise in the same region. The mass is of soft tissue attenuation, with relatively homogeneous enhancement 3. Focal calcification are occasionally present 3.
These tumors are relatively slow growing and thus, the bony margins are often remodeled and resorbed, rather than being aggressively destroyed
The tumors are slow growing and the choice of imaging will depend on the tumor's size. They begin as masses in the superior olfactory recess and initially involve the anterior and middle ethmoid air-cells on one side1-2. As they grow, they tend to destroy surrounding bone, and can extend in any direction. This invasion may be superiorly into the anterior cranial fossa, laterally into the orbits and across the mid line into the contralateral nasal cavity. They can also obstruct the ostia of paranasal sinuses resulting in opacification of the sinus with secretions 2.
Particular attention should be paid to the presence of cervical and retropharyngeal nodal metastases which are present in 10-44% of cases at diagnosis