Aplastic anemia physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Nazia Fuad M.D.

Overview

Common physical examination findings of aplastic anemia include pale color, short stature, dyspnea, petechiae ,Purpura, Ecchymoses, Jaundice, Pallor ,bruises. patients can present with, oral leukoplakia, pharyngeal ulcers, necrotizing gingivitis and tonsillitis.

Physical Examination

Appearance of the Patient

• Patients with aplastic anemia usually appear pale.
• Short stature

Vital Signs

• Fever
• Tachycardia with regular pulse
• Bradypnea

Skin

• Petechiae
• Purpura
• Ecchymoses

• Jaundice
• Pallor
• Bruises

HEENT

• Icteric sclera
• Nystagmus
• Microcephaly
• Microphthalmos
• Oral leukoplakia
• Pharyngeal ulcers.
• Necrotizing gingivitis
• Tonsillitis

Neck

• Neck examination of patients with aplastic anemia is usually normal.

Lungs

• Pulmonary examination of patients with aplastic anemia is usually normal unless patients develop pneumonia.

• Asymmetric chest expansion
• Lungs are hyperresonant
• Coarse crackles upon auscultation
• Rhonchi
• Decreased breath sounds
• Tachypnea
• Reduced tactile fremitus

Heart

• Arrythmias
• Murmur
• Chest pain

Abdomen

• Abdominal distention
• Diarrhea

Back

• Back examination of patients with aplastic anemia is usually normal.

Genitourinary

• Hypogonadism

Neuromuscular

• Neuromuscular examination of patients with aplastic anemia is usually normal.