Fever of unknown origin causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Naresh Mullaguri, M.B.B.S. [2]
Synonyms and keywords: febris continua e causa ignota; febris e causa ignota; febris E.C.I.; FUO; PUO; pyrexia of unknown origin
Causes
Etiology is different for different categories of FUO:
Classic FUO
- Malignancies such as Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, myeloproliferative disorders, malignancy of colon and liver.
- Infections such as intrabdominal and pelvic abscesses, inflammation of the endocardium, tuberculosis, cat scratch disease, CMV and EBV infections.
- Inflammatory causes such as autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus, Rheumatoid arthritis) and polymyalgia rheumatica.[1]
Neutropenic FUO
These are mostly caused by bacterial, fungal and viral infection because of the decreased neutrophil count.[2]
HIV associated FUO
This may due to acute infection from HIV itself earlier or later due to opportunistic bacterial, fungal and viral infections such as mycobacteria, toxoplasma etc.[3]
Nosocomial FUO
Causes of nosocomial FUO are related to hospital setting such as drugs, infections acquired during hospitalization and complications that occur during and after surgery.[4]
References
- ↑ Hayakawa, Kayoko; Ramasamy, Balaji; Chandrasekar, Pranatharthi H. (2012). "Fever of Unknown Origin: An Evidence-Based Review". The American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 344 (4): 307–316. doi:10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31824ae504. ISSN 0002-9629.
- ↑ Hayakawa, Kayoko; Ramasamy, Balaji; Chandrasekar, Pranatharthi H. (2012). "Fever of Unknown Origin: An Evidence-Based Review". The American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 344 (4): 307–316. doi:10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31824ae504. ISSN 0002-9629.
- ↑ Hayakawa, Kayoko; Ramasamy, Balaji; Chandrasekar, Pranatharthi H. (2012). "Fever of Unknown Origin: An Evidence-Based Review". The American Journal of the Medical Sciences. 344 (4): 307–316. doi:10.1097/MAJ.0b013e31824ae504. ISSN 0002-9629.
- ↑ Dayal, Rajeshwar; Agarwal, Dipti (2015). "Fever in Children and Fever of Unknown Origin". The Indian Journal of Pediatrics. 83 (1): 38–43. doi:10.1007/s12098-015-1724-4. ISSN 0019-5456.