B-cell lymphoma historical perspective
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Adnan Ezici, M.D[2]
Overview
Historical Perspective
Discovery
- B-cell lymphomas include both Hodgkin's lymphoma and most Non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Historical landmarks of the discovery of Hodgkin's lymphoma include:[1]
- Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) was first discovered by Thomas Hodgkin, a British physician, in 1832. However, a prior description for HL was provided by Marcello Malpighi, an Italian physician, in 1666.
- In 1838, Richard Bright was the first to discover the association between spleen and HL.
- In 1865, Samuel Wilks honored Thomas Hodgkin by referring this disease as Hodgkin's lymphoma in his publication which he observed and described similar cases since 1856.
- Langhans and Greenfield first described the microscopic characteristics of HL in 1872 and 1878, respectively.
- In 1898 and 1902, Carl Sternberg and Dorothy Reed, respectively, made important contributions to the microscopy of HL. One of these contributions was describing Reed-Sternberg (R-S) cells, which are the hallmark tumor cells of HL.
- In 1944, Hodgkin’s lymphoma was classified by Jackson and Parker into three subtypes: paragranuloma, granuloma, and sarcoma.[2]
- In 1966, Lukes and Butler proposed a new classification based on the predominant histopathologic type of the disease into six groups: lymphocytic and/or histiocytic, nodular; lymphocytic and/or histiocytic, diffuse; nodular sclerosis; mixed; diffuse fibrosis, and reticular. They also strengthened this classification by suggesting that there was a 'definite relationship between the histological findings, clinical stages, and survival'. In 1966, at the Rye symposium, those 6 types modified into 4 types as lymphocytic predominance (includes both previous types of lymphocytic and/or histiocytic, nodular; lymphocytic and/or histiocytic, diffuse), nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity, and lymphocytic depletion (includes both previous types of diffuse fibrosis and reticular).[1][2][3]
- In 1994, the Revised European-American Lymphoma Classification proposed a new classification system and classified Hodgkin’s lymphoma into two main types: nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin’s lymphoma and classical Hodgkin’s lymphoma (includes lymphocyte predominant, nodular sclerosis, mixed cellularity, and lymphocyte depleted).[4]
- In 2001 and 2008 World Health Organization (WHO) classification provided a new subtype of classical Hodgkin lymphoma, lymphocyte-rich classical Hodgkin lymphoma, which replaced the previous type of lymphocytic predominance classical Hodgkin lymphoma. [5][6]
- In 2016, the latest revision of classification of Hodgkin lymphoma was made by World Health Organisation (WHO).[7]
- Historical landmarks of the discovery of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) include:
- In 1864, Virchow, a German physician, had described the pathologic enlargement of lymph nodes as lymphosarcoma.[8]
- In 1865, Cohnheim, a German-Jewish physician, had described the pathologic enlargement of lymph nodes and spleen as pseudoleukaemia.
- The term ‘malignant lymphoma’ was first coined by Bilroth, a Prussian-born Austrian surgeon, in 1871.
- In 1956, Henry Rappaport provided the first organized classification of non-Hodgkin lymphomas, which modified by the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, in 1966.
- Burkitt lymphoma was first discovered by Denis Parsons Burkitt, an Irish surgeon, In 1958, during his work in Africa.[9]
- mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) was first discovered by Banks, in 1992.[10]
- In 1994, the Revised European-American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms (REAL) classified non-Hodgkin's lymphoma according to the clinical features, immunology and genetic information.[4]
- In 2001, 2008, and 2016, World Health Organization (WHO) provided revised classifications of NHL, based on the REAL classification.[11][5][6][7]
Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies
Impact on Cultural History
Famous Cases
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lakhtakia R, Burney I (May 2015). "A Historical Tale of Two Lymphomas: Part I: Hodgkin lymphoma". Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 15 (2): e202–6. PMC 4450782. PMID 26052452.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Cross RM (March 1969). "Hodgkin's disease: histological classification and diagnosis". J Clin Pathol. 22 (2): 165–82. doi:10.1136/jcp.22.2.165. PMC 474028. PMID 5776548.
- ↑ Lukes RJ, Butler JJ (June 1966). "The pathology and nomenclature of Hodgkin's disease". Cancer Res. 26 (6): 1063–83. PMID 5947336.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Harris NL, Jaffe ES, Stein H, Banks PM, Chan JK, Cleary ML, Delsol G, De Wolf-Peeters C, Falini B, Gatter KC (September 1994). "A revised European-American classification of lymphoid neoplasms: a proposal from the International Lymphoma Study Group". Blood. 84 (5): 1361–92. PMID 8068936.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Chan JK (December 2001). "The new World Health Organization classification of lymphomas: the past, the present and the future". Hematol Oncol. 19 (4): 129–50. doi:10.1002/hon.660. PMID 11754390.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Jaffe ES (2009). "The 2008 WHO classification of lymphomas: implications for clinical practice and translational research". Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program: 523–31. doi:10.1182/asheducation-2009.1.523. PMC 6324557. PMID 20008237.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Pileri SA, Harris NL, Stein H, Siebert R, Advani R, Ghielmini M, Salles GA, Zelenetz AD, Jaffe ES (May 2016). "The 2016 revision of the World Health Organization classification of lymphoid neoplasms". Blood. 127 (20): 2375–90. doi:10.1182/blood-2016-01-643569. PMC 4874220. PMID 26980727.
- ↑ Lakhtakia R, Burney I (August 2015). "A Historical Tale of Two Lymphomas: Part II: Non-Hodgkin lymphoma". Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J. 15 (3): e317–21. doi:10.18295/squmj.2015.15.03.003. PMC 4554264. PMID 26355399.
- ↑ Esau D (February 2019). "Denis Burkitt: A legacy of global health". J Med Biogr. 27 (1): 4–8. doi:10.1177/0967772016658785. PMID 27681061.
- ↑ Banks PM, Chan J, Cleary ML, Delsol G, De Wolf-Peeters C, Gatter K, Grogan TM, Harris NL, Isaacson PG, Jaffe ES (July 1992). "Mantle cell lymphoma. A proposal for unification of morphologic, immunologic, and molecular data". Am J Surg Pathol. 16 (7): 637–40. doi:10.1097/00000478-199207000-00001. PMID 1530105.
- ↑ Lu P (July 2005). "Staging and classification of lymphoma". Semin Nucl Med. 35 (3): 160–4. doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2005.02.002. PMID 16098289.