Avian influenza causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] For more details about the replication of the avian influenza and mechanism of infection in humans, click here

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Yazan Daaboul, M.D.

Overview

Avian influenza is caused by influenza A virus. Neither influenza B nor influenza C causes avian influenza. Influenza belongs to the Orthomyxoviridae family. Influenza is an enveloped, pleomorphic (spherical and filamentous forms) virus that contains a linear, segmented (8 segments), negative-sense, single-stranded RNA genome. The genome is composed of 8 segmented genes that encode 11 proteins.

Cause of Avian Influenza

Avian influenza is caused by influenza A virus. Neither influenza B nor influenza C causes avian influenza.

Family

• The influenza virus belongs to the Orthomyxoviridae family.

Genome

• The influenza A virus contains linear, segmented, negative-sense, single-stranded RNA.
• The RNA genome is segmented into 8 distinct segments.
• The total genomic length is approximately 13,000 nucleotides (range from 12,000 to 15,000).
• The genome is composed of 8 genes that encode 11 proteins.

Morphology

• The influenza virus contains an envelope.
• The influenza virus is pleomorphic with spherical and filamentous forms with particles that are approximately 80 nm to 120 nm in diameter.