Liposarcoma natural history
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Alejandro Lemor, M.D. [2]
Overview
Liposarcoma may have different clinical presentations depending on the location of the mass, being the lower extremities the most common area involved. Metastasis is the most important aspect to assess in the prognosis of the disease, but the mass may compress adjacent structures causing different clinical manifestations. The prognosis will depend on the histopathological subtype, being the well differentiated liposarcoma the subtype with the best prognosis, and the pleomorphic liposarcoma with the worst prognosis.
Natural History
- The natural history of liposarcoma would depend on the histopathological subtype and location.
- Liposarcomas may remain asymptomatic for a long time, specially if they are located in the retroperitoneum.
- Retroperitoneal liposarcomas may remain asymtomatic for many years (5-10 years), compared to liposarcomas in the extremities. [1]
- The common presentation for a liposarcoma located in the extremities is a painless growing mass without additional symptoms.
- The lower extremities are the most common location of liposarcomas. [1]
- Between 10 and 15% of patients may present with pain in the affected region. [1]
- Retroperitoneal liposarcomas may present as a dull abdominal pain, weight loss and abdominal distention.[2][3]
Complications
- Liposarcoma may cause metastasis to other organs and the lung is the most common location for metastatic disease.
- A myxoid liposarcoma metastasize more commonly to extrapulmonary locations, such as retroperitoneum, pericardium, chest wall, pleura, pelvic soft tissue.[1]
- Retroperitoneal liposarcomas may affect adjacent organs and structures, that could lead to kidney disease or vascular compression. [4]
- A case of pancreatitis has been reported due to a dedifferentiated retroperitoneal liposarcoma. [5]
Prognosis
- The prognosis of liposarcoma will depend on the histopathological subtype.
- Atypical lipomatous neoplasm/well-differentiated liposarcoma has a low metastasis risk, but may recur locally. The prognosis for this subtype is better than for other subtypes of liposarcoma.[1]
- The pleomorphic liposarcoma has a high metastasis potential and a high recurrence. The 5-year disease free survival rate for pleomorphic liposarcoma is 40%.[6]
- The 5-year disease free survival rate for liposarcoma located in the extremities is 74%.[7]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Peterson, Jeffrey J.; Kransdorf, Mark J.; Bancroft, Laura W.; O'Connor, Mary I. (2003). "Malignant fatty tumors: classification, clinical course, imaging appearance and treatment". Skeletal Radiology. 32 (9): 493–503. doi:10.1007/s00256-003-0647-8. ISSN 0364-2348.
- ↑ F. M. ENZINGER & D. J. WINSLOW (1962). "Liposarcoma. A study of 103 cases". Virchows Archiv fur pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und fur klinische Medizin. 335: 367–388. PMID 13890373.
- ↑ E. Y. Ki, S. T. Park, J. S. Park & S. Y. Hur (2012). "A huge retroperitoneal liposarcoma: case report". European journal of gynaecological oncology. 33 (3): 318–320. PMID 22873110.
- ↑ Amit Gupta, Omar Pacha, Rony Skaria, Tam Huynh, Luan Truong & Abdul Abdellatif (2012). "Retroperitoneal sarcoma presenting as acute renal failure, secondary to bilateral renal artery invasion". Clinical nephrology. 78 (2): 164–168. PMID 22790462. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ Yusuke Arakawa, Kazuo Yoshioka, Hitomi Kamo, Koichiro Kawano, Takeshi Yamaguchi, Yuko Sumise, Natsu Okitsu, Shizuo Ikeyama, Kojiro Morimoto, Yoshihiro Nakai & Seiki Tashiro (2013). "Huge retroperitoneal dedifferentiated liposarcoma presented as acute pancreatitis: report of a case". The journal of medical investigation : JMI. 60 (1–2): 164–168. PMID 23614927.
- ↑ A. M. Oliveira & A. G. Nascimento (2001). "Pleomorphic liposarcoma". Seminars in diagnostic pathology. 18 (4): 274–285. PMID 11757868. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help) - ↑ D. B. Pearlstone, P. W. Pisters, R. J. Bold, B. W. Feig, K. K. Hunt, A. W. Yasko, S. Patel, A. Pollack, R. S. Benjamin & R. E. Pollock (1999). "Patterns of recurrence in extremity liposarcoma: implications for staging and follow-up". Cancer. 85 (1): 85–92. PMID 9921978. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help)