Goodpasture syndrome risk factors
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Ali Poyan Mehr, M.D. [2]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Krzysztof Wierzbicki M.D. [3]
Overview
Common risk factors in the development of Goodpasture syndrome may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral. However, we don't known the exact cause of why antibodies form.
Risk Factors
Common risk factors in the development of Goodpasture syndrome may be occupational, environmental, genetic, and viral. However, we don't known what causes the antibodies to form. Certain studies suggest that infections viral or bacterial may play a role through molecular mimicry. Other associated factors that are possibly linked with initiating the disease are: occupational factors, environmental factors, and behavioral factors. An example of such possibly associated factors are: smoking, using cocaine, being exposed to solvents such as formaldehyde and hydrocarbons.[1] [2] Genetically, the presence of allele HLA DRB1-1501 is strongly correlated to the disease.[3] This allele HLA DRB1-1501 is present in over 80% of patients would Goodpasture syndrome.[4] It is also suggestive that the disease may be initiated following a viral or bacterial infection, however, there is no specific cause of why this occurs. Possible antigens such as that found in the influenza virus may play a role due to cross-reactivity in the basement membrane.[5]
References
- ↑ Hellmark T, Segelmark M (2014). "Diagnosis and classification of Goodpasture's disease (anti-GBM)". J Autoimmun. 48-49: 108–12. doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2014.01.024. PMID 24456936.
- ↑ Bombassei GJ, Kaplan AA (1992). "The association between hydrocarbon exposure and anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody-mediated disease (Goodpasture's syndrome)". Am J Ind Med. 21 (2): 141–53. PMID 1536151.
- ↑ Zhao J, Cui Z, Yang R, Jia XY, Zhang Y, Zhao MH (2009). "Anti-glomerular basement membrane autoantibodies against different target antigens are associated with disease severity". Kidney Int. 76 (10): 1108–15. doi:10.1038/ki.2009.348. PMID 19741587.
- ↑ Couser WG (2016). "Pathogenesis and treatment of glomerulonephritis-an update". J Bras Nefrol. 38 (1): 107–22. doi:10.5935/0101-2800.20160016. PMID 27049372.
- ↑ Wilson CB, Dixon FJ (1973). "Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody-induced glomerulonephritis". Kidney Int. 3 (2): 74–89. PMID 4571918.