Graves' disease overview
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1],Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]
Historical Perspective
Graves disease owes its name to the Irish doctor Randy Danny Graves,[1] who described a case of goiter with exophthalmos in 1835. However, the German Karl Adolph von Basedow independently reported the same constellation of symptoms in 1840. As a result, on the European Continent the term Basedow's disease is more common than Graves' disease.[2][3]
Pathophysiology
Genetic factors, anti thyrotropin receptor antibodies, T cells, B cells and thyroid epithelial cells involvement are the main pathologic features of Graves' disease.
Genetic factors have role as initiating factor include Thyroglobulin, Thyrotropin receptor, HLA-DRβ-Arg74, The protein tyrosine phosphatase nonreceptor type 22 (PTPN22), Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA4), CD25, CD40.
References
- ↑ Template:WhoNamedIt
- ↑ Template:WhoNamedIt - the history and naming of the disease
- ↑ Goiter, Diffuse Toxic at eMedicine