Cerebral palsy epidemiology and demographics
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:
Overview
Epidemiology and Demographics
Incidence
- The incidence of cerebral palsy is approximately 150-250 per 100,000 live births worldwide.
- Decline in the trends of cerebral palsy is due to advances in perinatal care.
- Patients with mild forms of CP that do not result in severe functional impairment may remain undiagnosed, leading to underestimation of the true prevalence of CP.
Prevelance
The prevalence of different motor patterns of cerebral palsy has remained remarkably static over the last 20 years.[1]
- The prevalence of bilateral spastic cerebral palsy is approximately 120-150 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- The prevalence of unilateral or hemiplegic cerebral palsy is approximately 60-80 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
- The prevalence of bilateral dystonic cerebral palsy is approximately 150-250 per 100,000 individuals worldwide.
Age
- Cerebral palsy is more common in children who are born very prematurely.
- Most patients are identified by 2 years of age due to delayed motor milestones
Race
- Cerebral palsy usually affects individuals of the black non-Hispanic children race. White non-Hispanic children are less likely to develop cerebral palsy.
Gender
- Males are more commonly affected by cerebral palsy than females. The male to female ratio is approximately 1.5 to 1.