Wilson's disease natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ahmed Elsaiey, MBBCH [2]
Overview
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Natural history
- The symptoms of Wilson's disease usually develop between age of 5 and 35 years. However, the symptoms can be presented at any age onset.
- If left untreated, Wilson's disease will lead to death. The copper accumulation in the liver and the brain will end up with cirrhosis and severe dystonia respectively. [1]
Complications
- Common complications of Wilson's disease include the following:
- Cirrhosis
- Hepatocellular carcinoma
- Persistent the neurological manifestations
- Renal complications as kidney stones and renal failure
- Hemolytic anemia
Prognosis
- Prognosis of Wilson's disease is usually excellent with proper treatment except in the severely advanced patients.
References
- ↑ European Association for Study of Liver (2012). "EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines: Wilson's disease". J Hepatol. 56 (3): 671–85. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2011.11.007. PMID 22340672.