Rectal prolapse causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Shaghayegh Habibi, M.D.[2]
Overview
More common causes of rectal prolapse include rectal denervation, perineal nerve injury, kinking of the redundant loop of sigmoid colon, altered colonic motility and less common causes include relaxation of lateral ligament and pelvic floor muscles and loss of rectal compliance.
Causes
More common causes
More common causes of rectal prolapse include:[1][2]
- Rectal denervation
- Perineal nerve injury (due to descent of the pelvic floor, viginal delivery and excessive straining during defection)
- Kinking of the redundant loop of sigmoid colon at the junction between the sigmoid colon and the rectum
- Altered colonic motility
- Anismus (paradoxical contractions of the pelvic floor)[3][4]
Less common causes
Less common causes of rectal prolapse include:[1][2]
- Relaxation of the lateral ligaments
- Relaxation of the pelvic floor muscles
- Loss of rectal compliance as a result of mesh placement
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 O'Brien DP (2007). "Rectal prolapse". Clin Colon Rectal Surg. 20 (2): 125–32. doi:10.1055/s-2007-977491. PMC 2780179. PMID 20011387.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Shin EJ (2011). "Surgical treatment of rectal prolapse". J Korean Soc Coloproctol. 27 (1): 5–12. doi:10.3393/jksc.2011.27.1.5. PMC 3053504. PMID 21431090.
- ↑ Pisano U, Irvine L, Szczachor J, Jawad A, MacLeod A, Lim M (2016). "Anismus, Physiology, Radiology: Is It Time for Some Pragmatism? A Comparative Study of Radiological and Anorectal Physiology Findings in Patients With Anismus". Ann Coloproctol. 32 (5): 170–174. doi:10.3393/ac.2016.32.5.170. PMC 5108663. PMID 27847787.
- ↑ Cariou de Vergie L, Venara A, Duchalais E, Frampas E, Lehur PA (2017). "Internal rectal prolapse: Definition, assessment and management in 2016". J Visc Surg. 154 (1): 21–28. doi:10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2016.10.004. PMID 27865742.