Fat embolism syndrome causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Feham Tariq, MD [2]

Overview

The causes of fat embolism syndrome can be divided into trauma and non-trauma related.

The common causes of fat embolism are divided into trauma-related and non-trauma related.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Causes of fat embolism syndrome
Trauma-related causes
Orthopedic causes	Non-orthopedic causes
Long bone fractures (especially femur) Fractures of the other marrow containing bones Intraosseous infusion or access Orthopedic procedures Pelvic fractures	Burns Chest compressions with or without rib fracture Bone marrow harvesting and transplant Fat grafting Liposuction Soft tissue injury

Rare causes of fat embolism syndrome are as follows:

Non-trauma related rare causes
Diabetes mellitus Sickle cell disease Osteonecrosis Bone tumor lysis Metastases from fatty tumors Osteomylelitis Bone marrow necrosis Cardiopulmonary bypass Panniculitis

↑ Stein PD, Yaekoub AY, Matta F, Kleerekoper M (2008). "Fat embolism syndrome". Am J Med Sci. 336 (6): 472–7. doi:10.1097/MAJ.0b013e318172f5d2. PMID 19092320.
↑ Mellor A, Soni N (2001). "Fat embolism". Anaesthesia. 56 (2): 145–54. PMID 11167474.
↑ Akhtar S (2009). "Fat embolism". Anesthesiol Clin. 27 (3): 533–50, table of contents. doi:10.1016/j.anclin.2009.07.018. PMID 19825491.
↑ Nikolić S, Micić J, Savić S, Uzelac-Belovski Z (2000). "[Post-traumatic systemic fat embolism syndrome. Retrospective autopsy study]". Srp Arh Celok Lek. 128 (1–2): 24–8. PMID 10916460.