Aplastic anemia causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Priyamvada Singh, M.D. [2]
Overview
The cause of the damage can be acquired or inherited. Acquired aplastic anemia is more common, and sometimes it's only temporary. Inherited aplastic anemia is rare. More than half of the cases of aplastic anemia are idiopathic. Chemicals, drugs, viral infections, collagen vascular diseases, and thymoma can be implicated as the causative factor in the other cases. Some research suggests that stem cell damage may occur because the body's immune system attacks its own cells by mistake.
Causes
Life-threatening Causes[edit | edit source]
- There are no life-threatening causes of aplastic anemia.
Common Causes
Common causes of aplastic anemia may include:[1]
- Idiopathic
- Infectious diseases, such as hepatitis, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, parvovirus B19, and HIV.
- Medicines, such as Albendazole, Cefadroxil, Chlorpromazine, chloramphenicol , Carbamazepine, Hydroxychloroquine, Methimazole, Orphenadrine, Oxcarbazepine, Phenytoin, Quinine, Phenylbutazone, Sulindac, Sulfadiazine, Sulfasalazine, Valganciclovir hydrochloride.
- Radiation
- chemotherapy
- Toxins, such as pesticides, arsenic, and benzene
- Metastasis
Less Common Causes
Less common causes of aplastic anemia include:[1]
- Pregnancy
- Thymoma
- Collagen vascular disease
Genetic Causes
Certain genetic conditions can damage the stem cells and lead to aplastic anemia:[2]
Causes by Organ System
| Cardiovascular | No underlying causes |
| Chemical/Poisoning | No underlying causes |
| Dental | No underlying causes |
| Dermatologic | No underlying causes |
| Drug Side Effect | Albendazole, Cefadroxil, Chlorpromazine, chloramphenicol , Carbamazepine, Hydroxychloroquine, Methimazole, Orphenadrine, Oxcarbazepine, Phenytoin, Quinine, Phenylbutazone, Sulindac, Sulfadiazine, Sulfasalazine, Valganciclovir hydrochloride |
| Ear Nose Throat | No underlying causes |
| Endocrine | Thymoma |
| Environmental | No underlying causes |
| Gastroenterologic | Fulminent hepatitis |
| Genetic | Fanconi anemia |
| Hematologic | No underlying causes |
| Iatrogenic | No underlying causes |
| Infectious Disease | hepatitis, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, parvovirus B19, and HIV. |
| Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic | No underlying causes |
| Neurologic | No underlying causes |
| Nutritional/Metabolic | Severe vit B12 and Folate deficiency |
| Obstetric/Gynecologic | No underlying causes |
| Oncologic | Acute lymphocytic leukemia, MDS |
| Ophthalmologic | No underlying causes |
| Overdose/Toxicity | pesticides, arsenic, and benzene |
| Psychiatric | No underlying causes |
| Pulmonary | No underlying causes |
| Renal/Electrolyte | No underlying causes |
| Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy | SLE, Rheumatoid arthritis |
| Sexual | No underlying causes |
| Trauma | No underlying causes |
| Urologic | No underlying causes |
| Miscellaneous | Anorexia |
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- Autoimmune diseases
- Albendazole
- Arsenic
- Benzene
- Ceftazidime
- Cefaclor
- Cefaclor
- Certolizumab pegol
- Chlorpropamide
- Chloramphenicol sodium succinate
- Dactinomycin
- Dapsone
- Dyskeratosis congenita
- Diamond-Blackfan anemia.
- Eltrombopag
- Fanconi anemia
- Felbamate
- Flurbiprofen
- Flucytosine
- interferon alfacon-1
- Isoniazid
- Lincomycin Hydrochloride
- Meprobamate
- Nilutamide
- Oxaprozin
- Penicillamine
- Probenecid
- pesticides
- Tolbutamide
- Tolazamide
- Sodium aurothiomalate
- Sodium phenylbutyrate
- Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim
- Sulfasalazine
- Sulfacetamide
- Thymoma
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Young, Neal S. (2002). "Acquired Aplastic Anemia". Annals of Internal Medicine. 136 (7): 534. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-136-7-200204020-00011. ISSN 0003-4819.
- ↑ Shallis, Rory M; Ahmad, Rami; Zeidan, Amer M (2018). "Aplastic anemia: etiology, molecular pathogenesis and emerging concepts". European Journal of Haematology. doi:10.1111/ejh.13153. ISSN 0902-4441.