Loefflers syndrome natural history, complications and prognosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Soroush Seifirad, M.D.[2]

Overview

Prognosis is generally excellent, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with Loffler syndrome is approximately 100%. The case-fatality rate of Löffler syndrome is literally zero. There has been no report of deaths due to Löffler syndrome. Löffler syndrome is a self-limiting, benign condition without significant morbidity. Symptoms usually subside within 3-4 weeks.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

• Löffler syndrome generally presents as a mild syndrome which spontaneously resolves after 2-4 weeks.
• The symptoms of Löffler syndrome usually develop 10-16 days after ingestion of Ascaris eggs, or N americanus, A duodenale, S stercoralis infection, and start with common symptoms such as fever, malaise, cough, wheezing, and dyspnea.
• Cough is the most common symptom, which is generally dry and nonproductive but might be productive or even present with small amounts of blood-tinged mucoid sputum.
• Less common presentation is accompanied by myalgia, anorexia, and urticaria.
• In order to identify risk factors for exposure to parasites, immigration status, socioeconomic status, hygiene, sanitation, as well as travel history should be carefully elicited.

Complications

• Löffler syndrome is a self-limiting, benign condition without significant morbidity.

Prognosis

• Prognosis is generally excellent, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with Loffler syndrome is approximately 100%.
• The case-fatality rate of Löffler syndrome is literally zero.
• There has been no report of deaths due to Löffler syndrome.
• Löffler syndrome is a self-limiting, benign condition without significant morbidity.
• Symptoms usually subside within 3-4 weeks.