Loefflers syndrome primary prevention
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Soroush Seifirad, M.D.[2]
Overview
Effective measures for the primary prevention of Löffler syndrome include parasitic and particularly helminthic disease. The prevention of helminthic disorders such as ascariasis and strongyloidiasis is best achieved through improvements in personal hygiene and environmental sanitation.
Primary Prevention
- There are no established measures for the primary prevention of Löffler syndrome.
- Nevertheless, Löffler syndrome is associated and is the result of parasitic and particularly helminthic infections.
- The prevention of helminthic disorders is best achieved through improvements in personal hygiene and environmental sanitation.
- The prevention of ascariasis is best achieved by:[1]
- Avoiding ingesting soil that may be contaminated with human feces, including where human fecal matter ("night soil") or wastewater is used to fertilize crops.
- Washing hands with soap and warm water before handling food.
- Teaching children the importance of washing hands to prevent infection.
- Washing, peeling or cooking all raw vegetables and fruits before eating, particularly those that have been grown in soil that has been fertilized with manure.
- Avoiding defecating outdoors.
- The use of effective sewage disposal systems.
- Practicing proper hygienic habits, including effective handwashing and the use of footwear in endemic areas
- Avoiding eating food or fruits that may be contaminated by wastewater that is used to fertilize crops.
- Washing, peeling or cooking all raw vegetables and fruits before eating, particularly those that have been grown in soil that has been fertilized with manure.
- Avoiding defecating outdoors.
- Using of effective sewage disposal systems.
OR
Effective measures for the primary prevention of Löffler syndrome include:
- Poor socioeconomic conditions
- Use of human feces as fertilizer
- Lack of hand washing
- Eating unwashed fruits and vegetables
- Environmental contamination with feces
- Occupations that increase contact with contaminated soil such as farming and coal mining
- Human T-cell lymphotropic virus-1 (HTLV-1) infection
- Immunosuppressive therapy with corticosteroids and other medications,
- Immune reconstitution syndrome
- Hematologic malignancies (lymphoma)
- Tuberculosis
- Malnutrition
- Diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic renal failure.
- Living in endemic regions.
- Alcoholics
- Travelers, immigrants
Primary Preventiion
This is a rare disorder. Many times, the cause cannot be found. Minimizing exposure to possible risk factors (certain medicines, some metals) may reduce risk.
References
- ↑ Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/ascariasis/prevent.html Accessed on the 3rd of March, 2017.
- ↑ Khieu V, Schär F, Forrer A, Hattendorf J, Marti H, Duong S, Vounatsou P, Muth S, Odermatt P (2014). "High prevalence and spatial distribution of Strongyloides stercoralis in rural Cambodia". PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 8 (6): e2854. doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0002854. PMC 4055527. PMID 24921627.
- ↑ Segarra-Newnham M (2007). "Manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment of Strongyloides stercoralis infection". Ann Pharmacother. 41 (12): 1992–2001. doi:10.1345/aph.1K302. PMID 17940124.