Subdural hematoma historical perspective

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.

Overview

The first case of subdural hematoma was discovered by Johan J.Wpfer, in 1657. Trephination is the process of creating a hole in the skull. The evidence of these procedure is found all over the world starting from late paleolithic period also known as late stone age (50,000 years ago).

Historical Perspective

Discovery

• The first case of subdural hematoma was discovered by Johan J.Wpfer, in 1657.

1657 Johan J.Wepfer Reported first case of subdural hematoma

1857 Virchow Described pachymeningitis hemorrhage as a result of dura's inflammation leading to fibrin and capillary prolifration

1925 Putnam and chushing First described chronic subdural hematoma

1972 Watanabe et al. First described animal models of chronic subdural hematoma

1974 Apfelbaumet al Described the fact that CSF is not necessarily part of chrnoic subdural hematoma membrane formation

1975 Sato and suzuki First described chronic subdural hematoma capsular structure

1976 Labadie and Glover First decribed the effect of dexamethasone injection on inhibiting membrane formation

Landmark Events in the Development of Treatment Strategies

• Trephination is the process of creating a hole in the skull.

• The evidence of these procedure is found all over the world starting from late paleolithic period also known as late stone age (50,000 years ago).
• Until 19^th century scientists used to think that these holes were made by accident or weapons, but further studies showed that they were actually surgical procedure.
• The number of holes were different in every person and evidence of healing from edge of the holes was shown a 70% cure rate with limited infection or any complication.
• In old stone age the old people with brain atrophy would developed chronic subdural hematoma.
• One of the symptoms of subdural hematoma is ataxia.
• These people were more susceptible to fall and heading their head into a sharp object (natural trephination).
• Old stone age people observed a dark liquid comes out of the brain from puncture wound of these people, and the symptoms of the patients starts to go away.
• It created the idea of “demonic brain” and established the trephination procedure.

Source:Image Courtesy by Kyeong-Seok Lee, MD

Source:Image Courtesy by Miguel A. Faria, Jr.

Source:Image Courtesy by Miguel A. Faria

Famous Cases

The following are a few famous cases of subdural hematoma:

• Former fox news president Roger Ailes
• Ann B. Davis’s the center square of the Brady Bunch tic-tac-toe grid
• Alex Trebek the Canadian-American television personality