Adrenal insufficiency
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Adrenal insufficiency |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Ayeesha Kattubadi, M.B.B.S[2]
Overview
Historical Perspective
Classification
'''Adrenal insufficiency''' is classified based on the location of the pathology into:
- '''Primary adrenal insufficiency''' (Addison's disease).
- '''Secondary adrenal insufficiency'''.
- Tertiary adrenal insufficiency.
In Primary adrenal insufficiency, the pathology lies in the adrenal glands. The most common cause of primary adrenal insufficiency is autoimmune adrenalitis. In secondary adrenal insufficiency, the pathology lies in the pituitary gland, whereas in tertiary adrenal insufficiency the pathology lies in the hypothalamus. The most common cause of tertiary adrenal insufficiency is chronic glucocorticoid therapy. Secondary and tertiary adrenal insufficiency together are categorized into central adrenal insufficiency.
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Xyz from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
Diagnostic study of choice | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X-Ray Findings | Echocardiography and Ultrasound | CT-Scan Findings | MRI Findings | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Interventions | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies