B-cell lymphoma natural history, complications and prognosis
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Adnan Ezici, M.D[2]
Overview
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
B-cell lymphomas include both Hodgkin's lymphomas and most Non-Hodgkin lymphomas.
Natural History
- 30% of patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma may progress to develop B symptoms (unintentional weight loss, fever, drenching night sweats)[1].
- Natural history of Non-Hodgkin lymphomas significantly varies depending on the subtype and it's prognosis. If left untreated, aggresive lymphomas present with B symptoms, and patients' condition significantly deteriorates within days or weeks. On the other hand, indolent lymphomas usually present with waxing and waning lymphadenopathy for years[2].
Complications
- Complications of B cell lymphomas are usually due to side effects of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy.
- Common complications of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma include:[3]
- Nausea and vomiting
- Xerostomia
- Sore throat
- Dysgeusia
- Diarrhea
- Fatigue
- Skin reactions
- Late and long-term complications of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma include:[3]
- Second malignancies (e.g., breast cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer, leukemias, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, etc.)[4][5][6]
- Infertility
- Infections
- Hypothyroidism
- Dyspnea
- Growth delay in children
- Cardiovascular complications (e.g., congestive heart failure, cardiomyopathies, myocardial infarction, pericarditis, arryhtmias, etc.)[7][8][9]
- Common complications of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma include:
- Common complications of chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in patients with Hodgkin's lymphoma include:[3]
Prognosis
References
- ↑ Kaseb H, Babiker HM. PMID 29763144. Missing or empty
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(help) - ↑ 3.0 3.1 Hodgkin-lymphoma. Canadian Cancer Society. http://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/cancer-type/hodgkin-lymphoma/treatment/?region=ab Accessed on September 10, 2015
- ↑ Schaapveld M, Aleman BM, van Eggermond AM, Janus CP, Krol AD, van der Maazen RW, Roesink J, Raemaekers JM, de Boer JP, Zijlstra JM, van Imhoff GW, Petersen EJ, Poortmans PM, Beijert M, Lybeert ML, Mulder I, Visser O, Louwman MW, Krul IM, Lugtenburg PJ, van Leeuwen FE (December 2015). "Second Cancer Risk Up to 40 Years after Treatment for Hodgkin's Lymphoma". N Engl J Med. 373 (26): 2499–511. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1505949. PMID 26699166.
- ↑ Borchmann P, Behringer K, Josting A, Rueffer JU, Schnell R, Diehl V, Engert A, Kvasnicka HM, Thiele J (February 2006). "[Secondary malignancies after successful primary treatment of malignant Hodgkin's lymphoma]". Pathologe (in German). 27 (1): 47–52. doi:10.1007/s00292-005-0811-0. PMID 16369761.
- ↑ van Leeuwen FE, Klokman WJ, Veer MB, Hagenbeek A, Krol AD, Vetter UA, Schaapveld M, van Heerde P, Burgers JM, Somers R, Aleman BM (February 2000). "Long-term risk of second malignancy in survivors of Hodgkin's disease treated during adolescence or young adulthood". J Clin Oncol. 18 (3): 487–97. doi:10.1200/JCO.2000.18.3.487. PMID 10653864.
- ↑ Ng AK, LaCasce A, Travis LB (May 2011). "Long-term complications of lymphoma and its treatment". J Clin Oncol. 29 (14): 1885–92. doi:10.1200/JCO.2010.32.8427. PMID 21483015.
- ↑ Galper SL, Yu JB, Mauch PM, Strasser JF, Silver B, Lacasce A, Marcus KJ, Stevenson MA, Chen MH, Ng AK (January 2011). "Clinically significant cardiac disease in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma treated with mediastinal irradiation". Blood. 117 (2): 412–8. doi:10.1182/blood-2010-06-291328. PMID 20858859.
- ↑ Zinzani PL, Federico M, Oliva S, Pinto A, Rigacci L, Specchia G, Tucci A, Vitolo U (January 2015). "The more patients you treat, the more you cure: managing cardiotoxicity in the treatment of aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma". Leuk Lymphoma. 56 (1): 12–25. doi:10.3109/10428194.2014.894187. PMID 24559287.