Capillary leak syndrome differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: M. Hassan, M.B.B.S

Overview

As capillary leak syndrome has overlapping clinical and laboratory findings with various other conditions, it should be considered as the diagnosis of exclusion. Several conditions that may be considered as the differential diagnoses of capillary leak syndrome include polycythemia vera, hereditary angioedema, Gleich syndrome, adrenal insufficiency, mast cell disease, acute gastroenteritis, carcinoid syndrome, primary amyloidosis, chronic heart failure, sepsis, and toxic shock syndrome.

Differential diagnosis

Due to overlapping clinical and laboratory findings of capillary leak syndrome with other conditions, it is considered as the diagnosis of exclusion. The following are the differential diagnoses considered in patients with systemic capillary leak syndrome:[1][2]

Differential diagnoses of Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome
  1. Polycythemia vera
  2. Hereditary angioedema
  3. Gleich syndrome
  4. Adrenal insufficiency
  5. Mast cell disease
  6. Acute gastroenteritis
  7. Carcinoid syndrome
  8. Primary amyloidosis
  9. Chronic heart failure
  10. Sepsis
  11. Toxic shock syndrome
  12. Engraftment syndrome
  13. Differentiation syndrome
  14. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
  15. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
  16. Viral hemorrhagic fevers
  17. Autoimmune diseases
  18. Snakebite envenomation
  19. Ricin poisoning

References

  1. Kapoor P, Greipp PT, Schaefer EW, Mandrekar SJ, Kamal AH, Gonzalez-Paz NC; et al. (2010). "Idiopathic systemic capillary leak syndrome (Clarkson's disease): the Mayo clinic experience". Mayo Clin Proc. 85 (10): 905–12. doi:10.4065/mcp.2010.0159. PMC 2947962. PMID 20634497.
  2. Zancanaro A, Serafini F, Fantin G, Murer B, Cicardi M, Bonanni L; et al. (2015). "Clinical and pathological findings of a fatal systemic capillary leak syndrome (Clarkson disease): a case report". Medicine (Baltimore). 94 (9): e591. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000000591. PMC 4553957. PMID 25738482.


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