Alzheimer's disease Other Imaging Findings
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Akshun Kalia M.B.B.S.[2]
Overview
Other imaging studies in Alzheimer's include positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scan. PET and SPECT scan are not routinely done in Alzheimer's disease. However, patients with atypical presentation may be evaluated with either a PET or SPECT scan to assess for any underlying condition. In these patients, use of amyloid β PET scan will reveal lower FDG (fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose) metabolism and higher PiB ([11 C]Pittsburgh compound B) deposition in areas of the brain affected by Alzheimer's disease. On SPECT scan patients with Alzheimer's disease have low relative regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the parietal and prefrontal cortices.
Other Imaging Findings
Other imaging studies include:[1][2][3][4][5][6]
- Other imaging studies in Alzheimer's include positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scan.
- PET and SPECT scan are not routinely done in Alzheimer's disease. However, patients with atypical presentation may be evaluated with either a PET or SPECT scan to further assess the patient for any underlying condition.
- The Amyloid Imaging Taskforce (AIT) recommends use of amyloid β (Aβ) positron emission tomography (PET) scanning in atypical cases of Alzheimer's.
- The tracer used in PET scan for amyloid β include [11 C]Pittsburgh compound B (PiB) and fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose(FDG).
- Patients with atypical presentation of Alzheimer's and a greater decline in memory function will have lower FDG metabolism and higher PiB deposition in areas of the brain affected by Alzheimer's disease.
- According to the guidelines of AIT, amyloid β PET scan is recommended in cases of:
- Patients with persistent or progressive unexplained mild cognitive impairment
- Patients with early age onset
- Patients with progressive dementia
- In SPECT scan, patients are given a simple word-discrimination task and then observed for gradation of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF).
- Patients with Alzheimer disease have low relative regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) in the parietal and prefrontal cortices.
References
- ↑ Geda, Yonas E. (2012). "Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults". Current Psychiatry Reports. 14 (4): 320–327. doi:10.1007/s11920-012-0291-x. ISSN 1523-3812.
- ↑ Trollor JN, Sachdev PS, Haindl W, Brodaty H, Wen W, Walker BM (2005). "Regional cerebral blood flow deficits in mild Alzheimer's disease using high resolution single photon emission computerized tomography". Psychiatry Clin. Neurosci. 59 (3): 280–90. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1819.2005.01372.x. PMID 15896221.
- ↑ Trollor JN, Sachdev PS, Haindl W, Brodaty H, Wen W, Walker BM (2006). "A high-resolution single photon emission computed tomography study of verbal recognition memory in Alzheimer's disease". Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 21 (4): 267–74. doi:10.1159/000091433. PMID 16479105.
- ↑ Ferris SH, de Leon MJ, Wolf AP, Farkas T, Christman DR, Reisberg B, Fowler JS, Macgregor R, Goldman A, George AE, Rampal S (1980). "Positron emission tomography in the study of aging and senile dementia". Neurobiol. Aging. 1 (2): 127–31. PMID 24279935.
- ↑ Rapoport SI (1986). "Positron emission tomography in normal aging and Alzheimer's disease". Gerontology. 32 Suppl 1: 6–13. PMID 3488245.
- ↑ Cutler NR (1986). "Cerebral metabolism as measured with positron emission tomography (PET) and [18F] 2-deoxy-D-glucose: healthy aging, Alzheimer's disease and Down syndrome". Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry. 10 (3–5): 309–21. PMID 2948218.