Chondrosarcoma natural history
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Rohan A. Bhimani, M.B.B.S., D.N.B., M.Ch.[2]
Overview
Complications that can develop as a result of chondrosarcoma are metastasis and recurrence. The prognosis of chondrosarcoma correlates with the grade and stage of the lesion at the time of diagnosis. Chondrosarcoma is associated with a 5 year survival rate of 70%. The presence of grade 3 lesions are associated with a particularly poor prognosis.
Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis
Complications
- Chondrosarcoma may metastatize to other organs.[1]
- Lung is the most common location for metastatic disease.
- Chondrosarcoma can rarely metastatize to skin.[1]
- Chondrosarcoma may recur and may need treatment with surgery, chemotherapy or radiation.
- Unlike other cancers, chondrosarcoma can return many years later.
- Follow up scans are extremely important for chondrosarcoma to make sure there has been no recurrence or metastasis.
Prognosis
- The prognosis of chondrosarcoma correlates with the grade and stage of the lesion at the time of diagnosis.[2]
- Depending upon the subtype, prognosis vary substantially:[4]
- Clear cell chondrosarcoma: 70% survival rate at 5 years.
- Myxoid chondrosarcoma: 70% survival rate at 5 years.
- Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: < 50% survival rate at 5 years.
- Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma: 10% survival rate after 1 year.
- Prognosis varies with location:[5]
- Long bones have a better prognosis than axial skeleton.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Lalam RK, Cassar-Pullicino VN, Kumar N, Cool WP, Cribb GL, Mangham DC (2015). "Subcutaneous and lung metastases from chondrosarcoma of the thumb". BJR Case Rep. 1 (3): 20150129. doi:10.1259/bjrcr.20150129. PMC 6180831. PMID 30363596.
- ↑ Larramendy ML, Mandahl N, Mertens F, Blomqvist C, Kivioja AH, Karaharju E; et al. (1999). "Clinical significance of genetic imbalances revealed by comparative genomic hybridization in chondrosarcomas". Hum Pathol. 30 (10): 1247–53. PMID 10534175.
- ↑ Evans HL, Ayala AG, Romsdahl MM (1977). "Prognostic factors in chondrosarcoma of bone: a clinicopathologic analysis with emphasis on histologic grading". Cancer. 40 (2): 818–31. PMID 890662.
- ↑ Dorfman HD, Czerniak B. Bone Tumors. St Louis: Mosby; 1998. 353-440.
- ↑ Peabody, Terrance (2014). Orthopaedic oncology : primary and metastatic tumors of the skeletal system. Cham: Springer. ISBN 9783319073224.